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Atomic Structure01:33

Atomic Structure

All matter is composed of atoms, the smallest individual units of elements. Each atom is made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Together, these three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom.The History of Atomic TheoryThe first person to propose that everything on Earth is made up of tiny particles was the Greek philosopher Democritus, around 450 B.C. He used the term atomos, Greek for “indivisible,” from which the modern term “atom” is derived.
Electron Transport Chains01:28

Electron Transport Chains

The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
The ETC is comprised of...
Nuclear Stability03:18

Nuclear Stability

Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together in the...
Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Atomic Structure01:17

Atomic Structure

The Greek philosopher Democritus proposed that everything on Earth is made up of tiny particles called atomos, Greek for "indivisible," from which the modern term "atom" is derived. In the 19th century, John Dalton proposed the atomic theory that is still largely correct today. He put forth five postulates to explain how atoms made up the world around us. (1) All matter is composed of infinitely small particles or atoms. (2) All atoms of a given element are identical to one another and (3) are...

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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

一次元の原子鎖の末端状態は,原子鎖の末端状態である.

J N Crain1, D T Pierce

  • 1Electron Physics Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8412, USA. jason.crain@nist.gov

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 5, 2005
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,シリコン表面の金原子鎖の末端にあるゼロ次元末端状態を観測した. これらの電子末端状態は,連鎖内の状態の密度とエネルギーレベルに影響を与えます.

さらに関連する動画

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules
09:32

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules

Published on: April 12, 2019

Ubiquitin Chain Analysis by Parallel Reaction Monitoring
08:33

Ubiquitin Chain Analysis by Parallel Reaction Monitoring

Published on: June 17, 2020

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules
09:32

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules

Published on: April 12, 2019

Ubiquitin Chain Analysis by Parallel Reaction Monitoring
08:33

Ubiquitin Chain Analysis by Parallel Reaction Monitoring

Published on: June 17, 2020

科学分野:

  • 表面科学とは,地表科学のことである.
  • 凝縮物質物理学 凝縮物質物理学
  • ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • 二次元の状態は,結晶表面で発生する.
  • 一次元の原子鎖は,自己組み立てができる.
  • 低次元のシステムにおける電子状態を理解することは極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 自己組み立て金原子鎖におけるゼロ次元終末状態を観察し,特徴づけること.
  • これらの一次元システムの電子的性質を調査するために.
  • 実験結果と理論モデルを比較する.

主な方法:

  • 黄金の原子鎖の自己組み立ては,近隣のSi ((553)) 表面に存在します.
  • スキャニング・トンネリング・スペクトロスコーピー (STS) による差電導度測定.
  • 緊密に結合する理論モデルとの比較.

主要な成果:

  • 鎖の末端で観測されたゼロ次元末端状態.
  • 孤立したチェーンセグメント内の定量化された状態を特定する.
  • 末端原子に局限した微分状態を観測した.
  • 実験結果は,理論的な予測と一致しています.

結論:

  • 電子末端状態は,一次元黄金の原子鎖の末端で形成される.
  • これらの終末状態は,連鎖内の状態の密度とエネルギーレベルを変更します.
  • この発見は,低次元ナノ構造物の電子的行動に関する洞察を提供します.