霊長類の横側生殖細胞核における受容場へのコンの入力空間構造

R C Reid¹, R M Shapley

¹New York University, Center for Neural Science, New York 10003.

Nature

|April 23, 1992

まとめ

新しい刺激は,視覚ニューロンの中心部と周辺部の両方で,コーン特有のインプットを明らかにします. この発見は,色彩情報が網膜でどのように処理されるかを明らかにし,混合環境仮説と矛盾する.

科学分野:

神経科学は神経科学である.
ビジョンビジョン科学科学
計算神経科学とは

背景:

人間とマカクの色覚は,短波 (S),中波 (M),長波 (L) のコーン光受容体に依存しています.
P網膜のギャングリオン細胞やパーボセルラーニューロンなどの色選択神経は,網膜と側生殖核のコン信号を処理する.
コーンシグナル相互作用に関する以前の研究では,非特異的なサウンドメカニズムを示唆する"混合サウンド"仮説が提案されました.

研究の目的:

視覚処理の"混合環境"仮説を決定的に検証する.
視覚ニューロンへのコーン入力を正確にマッピングするための新しい刺激を開発する.
L,M,Sコーンのインプットの空間的特異性を調査する.

主な方法:

コンウインプットの空間地図を測定するための新しい刺激の開発.
マカクの視覚ニューロンを人間の色処理のモデルとして利用する.
P細胞とパーボ細胞ニューロンへの線形L,M,Sコーンの入力に関する定量分析.

主要な成果:

実験的な測定は"混合環境"仮説と矛盾しています.
証拠は,受容場の中心と周辺の両方で円の特異性を示しています.
新しい刺激は,空間入力仮説の決定的なテストを可能にしました.

結論:

視覚信号処理の"混合環境"仮説は否定される.
視覚ニューロンへの円の入力には,中心部と周辺部の両方のメカニズムで特異性があります.
これは,色の視覚処理の神経基礎を明確にします.

さらに関連する動画

10:10

Sonication-facilitated Immunofluorescence Staining of Late-stage Embryonic and Larval Drosophila Tissues In Situ

Published on: August 14, 2014

04:17

Nuclear Migration in the Drosophila Oocyte

Published on: May 13, 2021

関連する概念動画

01:49

Meiosis I

Meiosis is a carefully orchestrated set of cell divisions, the goal of which—in humans—is to produce haploid sperm or eggs, each containing half the number of chromosomes present in somatic cells elsewhere in the body. Meiosis I is the first such division, and involves several key steps, among them: condensation of replicated chromosomes in diploid cells; the pairing of homologous chromosomes and their exchange of information; and finally, the separation of homologous chromosomes by a...

01:41

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

01:38

Fertilization

During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...

01:10

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...

01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or "prometaphase,"...

01:22