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関連する概念動画

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 7, 2026

Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices
10:35

Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices

Published on: March 15, 2018

スパイクタイミング依存のシナプス可塑性は, dendritic 位置に依存しています.

Robert C Froemke1, Mu-Ming Poo, Yang Dan

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA.

Nature
|March 11, 2005
PubMed
まとめ

皮質ニューロンのシナプス変異は位置に依存しています. この研究は,スパイクタイミングに依存する可塑性がデンドライトに沿って変化し,ニューロンが情報を処理し,入力を選択する方法に影響することを明らかにしています.

科学分野:

  • 神経科学は神経科学である.
  • 細胞神経科学は細胞神経科学である.
  • 計算神経科学とは

背景:

  • ニューロンは,その樹状樹木に何千ものシナプス入力を受けます.
  • ポストシナプス処理は, dendritically 位置に依存していることが知られている.
  • アクティビティ依存シナプス改変の位置依存性は不明である.

研究 の 目的:

  • アクティビティ依存のシナプス変異,特にスパイクタイミング依存の可塑性が,ネズミの皮質層の2/3のピラミッドニューロンのデンドリット位置によって変化するかどうかを調査する.
  • 位置依存シナプス改変におけるNMDA受容体の役割を明らかにする.

主な方法:

  • ネズミの皮質層の2/3のピラミッドニューロンからの電気生理学的記録.
  • スパイクタイミング依存の可塑性の誘導,異なるデンドリット部位で.
  • NMDA受容体の薬理学的操作.
  • シナプス可塑性とニューロン計算のコンピューターシミュレーション.

主要な成果:

  • スパイクタイミング依存のシナプス変異の大きさと時間的特異性は,アピカルデンドライトに沿って異なります.
  • 遠端 dendritesは,より小さな長期的な強化と長期うつ病 (LTD) のためのより広いスパイクタイムリングウィンドウを示します.

さらに関連する動画

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity
07:13

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity

Published on: May 18, 2020

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex
11:31

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Published on: February 25, 2022

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices
10:35

Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Neuronal Dendrites in Brain Slices

Published on: March 15, 2018

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity
07:13

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity

Published on: May 18, 2020

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex
11:31

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Published on: February 25, 2022

  • LTDのピークタイミングの窓は,NMDA受容体抑制と相関しており,これはまた位置に依存しています.

    • 結論:

    • デンドリットの位置は,スパイクタイミング依存のシナプス改変に重大な影響を及ぼします.
    • NMDA受容体抑制は,LTD誘導の基礎となる重要なメカニズムである.
    • シナプス可塑性におけるデンドリティック不均一性は,異なる入力選択を可能にすることで,皮質ニューロンの計算能力を高めます.