健康上の不平等の社会的決定因子
1International Centre for Health and Society, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK. m.marmot@ucl.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|March 23, 2005
まとめ
平均寿命の大きなギャップを含む世界的な健康格差は避けられないものではない. 社会的決定要因は,すべての疾患の健康結果に大きく影響し,健康上の不平等に対処するために,分野横断の政策行動を必要とする.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学とは
- 保健政策 保健政策 保健政策
背景:
- 国内と国間の間で,深刻な健康格差が存在し,その証拠は,平均寿命の大きな変動である.
- 研究では,健康格差の根本的な原因として社会要因がますます特定されています.
- これらの社会的決定要因は,伝染性疾患と非伝染性疾患の両方に影響を及ぼします.
研究 の 目的:
- 健康上の不平等という世界的な課題に取り組むために.
- 世界保健機関 (WHO) の健康の社会的決定因子に関する委員会を立ち上げること.
- 公衆衛生に関する知識を,脆弱な集団のための政治的行動に変換する.
主な方法:
- 健康の社会的決定因子に関する既存の証拠をレビューする.
- 健康上の不平等に関する社会的な議論を促進する.
- 世界保健の公平性を改善するための政策を推奨する.
主要な成果:
- 健康格差の主要な原動力としての社会的要因を特定する.
- 病気の種類にわたる社会的決定因子の広範な影響の認識.
- 保健政策に多部門的アプローチの必要性を強調する.
結論:
- 健康上の不平等は修正可能であり,社会的構造の必然的な結果ではない.
- 健康の社会的決定因子には,健康だけでなく,すべての政策部門からの注意が必要です.
- WHO委員会は,世界保健の成果を向上させるための政策変革を推進することを目指しています.
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