免疫,炎症,および腸内アレルギー
Thomas T Macdonald1, Giovanni Monteleone
1Division of Infection, Inflammation, and Repair, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. t.t.macdonald@qmul.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 26, 2005
まとめ
腸の免疫システムは,病原体に対する防御と,食物や微生物に対する耐性とのバランスを取るために苦労します. このバランスの乱れは,一般的な腸炎症疾患やアレルギーに関連しています.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
背景:
- 腸の免疫システムは,有害な病原体と,食品や共生細菌のような無害な抗原を区別しなければならない.
- この免疫耐性の崩壊は,しばしば明確な感染なしに,先進国における慢性腸炎とますます関連しています.
- 免疫認識,適応免疫,上皮の障壁機能に影響を与える遺伝的要因は,腸炎に関与しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内免疫ホメオスタシスの崩壊の背後にあるメカニズムを調査する.
- 遺伝子変異と腸内炎症やアレルギーの発生の関係を探求する.
- 炎症性腸疾患の病原性における重要な決定因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- ネズミとヒトのモデルにおける先天的および適応的免疫に影響を与える遺伝子変異の分析.
- 腸内抗原への曝露の文脈における上皮の透過性の評価.
- マウスとヒトの両方の比較研究で,腸内炎症を示しています.
主要な成果:
- 生まれながらの免疫認識を制御する遺伝子の変異は,腸内炎症と関連しています.
- 適応免疫経路の欠陥は,炎症性腸疾患の発生に寄与する.
- 変異した上皮の透過性は,腸内炎症とアレルギーの病原性における重要な要因です.
結論:
- 腸内アンチゲンと宿主の免疫システムとの繊細なバランスを破壊することは,腸内炎症を発症させる重要な要因です.
- 遺伝的傾向は,炎症性腸疾患に対する感受性において重要な役割を果たします.
- 腸内免疫ホメオスタシスの回復または維持は,腸内炎症やアレルギーの予防に不可欠です.
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