ランダム化試験におけるサンプルサイズ計算: 義務的および神秘的
Kenneth F Schulz1, David A Grimes
1Family Health International, PO Box 13950, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. KSchulz@fhi.org
Lancet (London, England)
|April 13, 2005
まとめ
精密なサンプルサイズ計算は,ランダム化試験において極めて重要です. しかし,方法論的厳密さと,力不足の試験における透明な報告は,依然として,正確な数値よりも質を優先して,価値ある,公正な結果を生むことができます.
科学分野:
- 臨床試験の方法論 臨床試験の方法論
- バイオ統計学 バイオ統計学
- 研究倫理 研究倫理
背景:
- サンプルサイズ計算は,ランダム化試験の標準的な前提条件であり,その認識される倫理的立場に影響を与えます.
- これらの計算における効果の大きさの決定には,主観的な臨床的判断が含まれており,これは必要なサンプルサイズに大きな影響を与えます.
- 現在の慣行は,サンプルのサイズ決定における不正確な認識に基づいて,しばしば試験が非倫理的とラベル付けされる結果になります.
研究 の 目的:
- 不正確なサンプルサイズ計算によるランダム化試験を非倫理的とレッテルを貼る倫理的含意を疑問視する.
- サンプルサイズの固定から,研究における方法論的質の重要性への焦点を移すことを提唱する.
- 偏見のない治験の価値を強調する,不正確な結果であっても,結果がないよりも.
主な方法:
- この研究は,ランダム化試験におけるa-prioriサンプルサイズ計算のプロセスと影響を批判的に検討しています.
- 主観的な臨床判断が効果サイズ決定に及ぼす影響とその後の影響がサンプルサイズに及ぼす影響を分析します.
- 著者は,研究研究の倫理的地位と価値の評価に関する代替的見解を提案しています.
主要な成果:
- 不正確なサンプルサイズの計算は,試験を自動的に非倫理的とすべきではありません.
- 精力不足の治験は,偏見を最小限に抑えるために厳格な方法論を採用した場合,倫理的に受け入れられ,科学的に価値があります.
- 方法論的厳密さと透明な報告を優先することは,正確なサンプルサイズを固定するよりも有益です.
結論:
- ランダム化試験における方法論的品質とバイアスの除去により重点を置くことを推奨する.
- 偏見のない試験結果,たとえ不正確であっても,データの欠如よりも好ましい.
- 臨床医と患者は,正確なサンプルサイズの精度に関係なく,信頼できる,偏見のない研究結果から恩恵を受けます.
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