関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 23, 2026

09:36
Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
Published on: February 2, 2017
体重不足,体重過剰,肥満に関連した過度の死亡
Katherine M Flegal1, Barry I Graubard, David F Williamson
1National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Md 20782, USA. kflegal@cdc.gov
JAMA
|April 21, 2005
まとめ
肥満と体重不足は,米国における死亡率の増加と関連しているが,体重過多は過剰な死亡率を示していない. 肥満と死亡率の関連性は,時間とともに減少している可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- バイオ統計学 バイオ統計学
背景:
- 米国における肥満の流行の増加は,体重と過剰死亡率に関する懸念と相関しています.
- 様々なボディマス指数 (BMI) カテゴリーの死亡率への影響を理解することは,公衆衛生イニシアチブにとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 体重不足 (BMI <18.5),過剰体重 (BMI 25〜<30) および肥満 (BMI ≥30) と関連した死亡率を2000年に米国で定量化する.
主な方法:
- 長期追跡による国家健康栄養調査 (NHANES) I,II,IIIのデータを活用した.
- BMIカテゴリーにおける死亡率の相対リスクを推定し,人口BMI分布に適用して,過剰な死亡率を計算し,混同要因を調整した.
主要な成果:
- 肥満 (BMI ≥30) は推定111,909例の過剰死亡,体重不足は正常体重 (BMI 18.5〜<25) に比べて33,746例の過剰死亡に関連していた.
- 超重量 (BMI 25~30以下) は過剰死亡率と関連せず,死亡者数は -86,094人という負の推定値を示した.
- NHANES Iと比較して,肥満に関連した死亡率の相対リスクは,NHANES IIおよびIIIのコホート (IIおよびIII) の後のNHANESコホートでは低いことが判明しました.
結論:
- 体重不足と肥満の両方,特に高いレベルの肥満は,正常体重と比較して死亡率の増加と関連しています.
- 時間の経過とともに肥満が死亡率に与える影響が減っていることは,公衆衛生と医療の改善を反映しているかもしれない.
- この結果は,米国の平均寿命の伸びと,心不全性疾患による死亡率の低下と一致しています.
関連する概念動画
Obesity
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients
In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
Anorexia Nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Binge Eating Disorders
Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...

