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植物におけるトランス作用のsiRNAバイオゲネシス中のマイクロRNA誘導フェッシング
Edwards Allen1, Zhixin Xie, Adam M Gustafson
1Center for Gene Research and Biotechnology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA.
Cell
|April 27, 2005
まとめ
マイクロRNA (miRNA) は,植物におけるトランス作用siRNA (ta-siRNA) の処理を誘導し,新しい調節機構を明らかにする. このmiRNA誘導の分裂は,ta-siRNAの生体生成を開始し,遺伝子調節に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- RNAの生物学とは,RNAの生物学である.
- 遺伝子調節 遺伝子調節
背景:
- 植物や動物は,遺伝子調節のために,マイクロRNA (miRNA) や小さな干渉RNA (siRNA) を含む小さなRNAを使用します.
- 植物ミRNAとトランス作用シRNA (ta-siRNA) には,それぞれ異なった生体生成経路が存在するが,どちらもトランスクリプト分裂を誘導している.
研究 の 目的:
- アラビドプシス・タリアナのmiRNAsとta-siRNAsの標的を統合的アプローチを用いて特定する.
- miRNAsとta-siRNAのバイオゲネシスの間の規制関係を解明する.
主な方法:
- アラビドプシス・タリアナの小さなRNA標的を特定するための統合分析.
- ta-siRNA前駆体処理における特定のmiRNA (miR173,miR390) の役割を調査する.
主要な成果:
- Argonaute2とE2-ubiquitin結合酵素を含む小さなRNA調節遺伝子のいくつかの新しいクラスが特定されました.
- 5つのta-siRNAを生成するトランスクリプトは,miR173またはmiR390.0のターゲットであることが判明しました.
- ta-siRNA前駆体によるmiRNA誘導の分裂は,ta-siRNA生成のための段階的な処理を確立することが示されました.
結論:
- ta-siRNAの生体生成のための新しいモデルが提案されており,miRNA誘導の割れがプロセスを開始します.
- このmiRNAに依存するメカニズムは,後に他の遺伝子を調節する段階的なta-siRNAsを生成します.
- この研究は,植物におけるmiRNAsとta-siRNAsの相互作用を含む複雑な遺伝子調節層を明らかにしています.
関連する概念動画
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...