Oct-4の子宮外発現は,原始細胞の分化を阻害し,上皮組織に不発症を引き起こします
Konrad Hochedlinger1, Yasuhiro Yamada, Caroline Beard
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Cell
|May 11, 2005
まとめ
重要な胚性遺伝子であるOct-4は,体組織で再活性化すると,成人のマウスの癌増殖を誘発することができる. これは,成人の原始細胞が胚のような状態に戻り,腫瘍の形成を促す可能性があることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 癌生物学 癌生物学について
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
背景:
- Oct-4はPOUドメインの転写因子であり,胚性幹細胞の多能性を維持するために重要である.
- Oct-4は,また,生殖細胞腫瘍およびいくつかの体的腫瘍で検出され,腫瘍発生における潜在的な役割を暗示しています.
- 成人体内組織におけるOct-4の正確な腫瘍発生特性とメカニズムは,依然としてほとんど特徴づけられていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 成人マウスの体組織における子宮外Oct-4発現の影響を調査する.
- Oct-4が分化した成体細胞の腫瘍発生的変化を誘発できるかどうかを判断する.
- Oct-4誘発性発育不全の原因となる細胞メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 成人マウスの制御された,子宮外Oct-4発現のためにドキシサイクリン誘導システムを使用しました.
- Oct-4の活性化時に表皮組織,特に腸の組織学的および分子学的変化を分析した.
- Oct-4発現性病変における原始細胞の膨張とβ-カテニンの転写活性を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 成人したマウスの子宮外Oct-4発現は,上皮組織にディスプラスティック増殖を誘発した.
- これらの増殖は,継続的なOct-4発現に依存し,前身細胞の拡大によって特徴づけられました.
- Oct-4は腸内の細胞分化を阻害し,その胚の役割を模倣し,ベータ-カタニン活性を増大させた.
結論:
- 成人前身細胞は,胚の重要な発達信号に反応する能力を保持することができます.
- 胚性因子Oct-4の子宮外発現は,成人体組織における腫瘍発生を誘発する.
- プロジェニータ細胞の可塑性は,がんの発症と進行における重要な要因である.
関連する概念動画
Cadherins in Tissue Organization
The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Somatic cells are...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia
DysplasiaDysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells, characterized by pleomorphism, nuclear abnormalities, and increased mitotic activity. It commonly affects epithelial tissues, including the cervix, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory mucosa, and endometrium. Although it may occur alongside hyperplasia, dysplasia is not a true adaptive response but a preneoplastic change with potential to progress to cancer.When confined above the basement...


