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関連する概念動画

Electron Transport Chains01:28

Electron Transport Chains

The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
The ETC is comprised of...
Chemiosmosis01:32

Chemiosmosis

Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly efficient process that generates large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic unit of energy that drives many cellular processes. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two processes— the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain involves a series of protein complexes on the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo a series of redox reactions. At the end of this chain, the electrons reduce...
The Electron Transport Chain01:30

The Electron Transport Chain

The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is an exothermic process in which free energy released during electron transfer reactions is coupled to ATP synthesis. This process is a significant source of energy in aerobic cells, and therefore inhibitors of the electron transport chain can be detrimental to the cell's metabolic processes.
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, prevents electron transfer from Fe-S cluster to ubiquinone or Q in...
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
Chain Reactions01:29

Chain Reactions

Chain reactions involve highly reactive transient species, such as atoms or free radicals, as intermediates. These intermediates facilitate rapid reactions over an extended period. The process includes a series of steps: a reactive intermediate is consumed, reactants are converted to products, and the intermediate is regenerated. This cycle enables continuous repetition, amplifying the production of products with a small amount of intermediate. Chain reactions often utilize free radicals as...
Chemiosmosis and ATP Synthesis01:22

Chemiosmosis and ATP Synthesis

The electron transport chain is a critical component of cellular respiration, occurring in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It facilitates the transfer of high-energy electrons from reduced cofactors NADH and FADH₂ to molecular oxygen, the final electron acceptor. This transfer of electrons through a series of protein complexes is tightly coupled to the translocation of protons across the membrane, generating a proton gradient essential for ATP synthesis.Electron Flow and Proton...

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Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

デオキシリボ酵素ベースのリガゼ論理ゲートとその初期回路

Milan N Stojanovic1, Stanka Semova, Dmitry Kolpashchikov

  • 1Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, Box 84, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. mns18@columbia.edu

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 12, 2005
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,デオキシリボ酵素を用いて分子論理ゲートを構築した. これらの新しいDNAベースの論理ゲートは,酵素カスケードを通して視覚化され,複雑な分子計算が可能になりました.

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Translating Extracellular Electron Transfer Activities with Organic Electrochemical Transistors
10:44

Translating Extracellular Electron Transfer Activities with Organic Electrochemical Transistors

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
10:46

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins

Published on: October 18, 2022

Translating Extracellular Electron Transfer Activities with Organic Electrochemical Transistors
10:44

Translating Extracellular Electron Transfer Activities with Organic Electrochemical Transistors

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科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 合成生物学 合成生物学とは

背景:

  • 分子論理ゲートは計算に不可欠です.
  • デオキシリボ酵素は,新しい分子ツールを作成するためのプラットフォームを提供します.
  • 以前の分子論理システムは,複雑性と視覚化に限界がありました.

研究 の 目的:

  • リガースデオキシリボジームを基に完全な分子論理ゲート (YES,NOT,AND,ANDNOT) を構築する.
  • これらのデオキシリボ酵素ロジックゲートの機能性を実証するために.
  • 酵素カスケードとフッ素分裂を用いて,これらのゲートの活動を視覚化します.

主な方法:

  • リガースデオキシリボ酵素ベースの分子論理ゲートの構築.
  • 下流フォスフォディエステラゼ YESゲートを含む酵素カスケードの設計.
  • アクティビティの可視化のためにフッ素分裂アッセイを用いる.

主要な成果:

  • 分子スケールの論理ゲート (YES,NOT,AND,ANDNOT) の完全なセットが成功裏に構築されました.
  • これらのデオキシリボ酵素の論理ゲートの活動は,機能的なカスケードを通じて実証されました.
  • フォスフォディエステラゼ下流によるフローロゲン分裂 YESゲートにより,ゲート操作の明確な可視化が提供されました.

結論:

  • リガースデオキシリボ酵素は,分子論理ゲートの完全なスイートに設計することができます.
  • 酵素カスケードは,分子計算を視覚化および検証するための堅牢な方法を提供します.
  • この研究は,DNAベースの分子コンピューティングシステムの開発を進めています.