関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 23, 2026

06:34
Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
フォノカルディオグラフィの第3および第4の心臓音と,左心室機能の客観的な測定値との関連性
Gregory M Marcus1, Ivor L Gerber, Barry H McKeown
1Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
JAMA
|May 12, 2005
まとめ
3番目 (S3) と4番目 (S4) の心臓音は,左心室機能不全の敏感な指標ではない. しかし,S3心臓音は,この状態を検出するための高特異性を示し,S4を上回る.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- 医療診断 医療診断
- バイオメディカルエンジニアリング
背景:
- 3番目 (S3) と4番目 (S4) のハート・サウンドは,ギャロップ・サウンドの基準基準とみなされます.
- 左心室機能不全に対する診断能力は,未知のままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 左心室機能不全を予測するS3およびS4の心臓音の診断精度を評価する.
- コンピューターアルゴリズムを使用して,心臓音の分析を行っています.
主な方法:
- 心臓キャセテリゼーションを受けている90人の成人患者を対象とした前向きな研究.
- 心音の同時評価 (S3/S4),左心室末端ダイアストリック圧力 (LVEDP),左心室射出分数 (LVEF),およびB型ナトリウレチンペプチド (BNP) の同時評価.
- 左心室機能の確立されたマーカーを使用して,診断テストの特徴の分析.
主要な成果:
- S3,S4,または両方のS3とS4を有する患者は,著しく上昇したLVEDP,減少したLVEF,およびより高いBNPレベルを示した.
- S3の感受性は41% (LVEDP),52% (LVEF),32% (BNP) であり,S4の感受性は46% (LVEDP),43% (LVEF),40% (BNP) であった.
- S3の特異性は92% (LVEDP),87% (LVEF),92% (BNP) であり,S4の特異性は80% (LVEDP),72% (LVEF),78% (BNP) であった.
結論:
- フォノカルディオグラフィックのS3とS4は,左心室機能不全の敏感なマーカーではありません.
- フォノカルディオグラフィックS3は左心室機能不全に対して高い特異性を示し,S4の適度な特異性を上回る.
関連する概念動画
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System IV: Auscultation
Cardiac auscultation is a clinical skill used to assess heart function and detect abnormalities. It involves listening to heart sounds at specific anatomical locations through a stethoscope.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation
Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography
Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion, evaluates...
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion, evaluates...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization
Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...

