スマトラ・アンダマン島地震の大きさと持続時間は,遠域静的オフセットによるものです
P Banerjee1, F F Pollitz, R Bürgmann
1Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun, 248001, India.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 21, 2005
まとめ
2004年のスマトラ地震は,世界中のGPSステーションによって検出された重要な地位移転を引き起こしました. 分析により,平均滑り幅が5メートルを超え,最終的な大きさはMW9.2を超えないことが明らかになった.
科学分野:
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- 地震学 地震学とは
- プレート・テクトニクス (プレート・テクトニクス)
背景:
- 2004年のスマトラ地震は,広範囲に及ぶ影響を持つ大規模な地震でした.
- 静的偏移は,震源から4500kmまでのグローバルポジショニングシステム (GPS) ステーションによって測定されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 静的なGPSの移動を用いて,2004年のスマトラ地震をモデリングする.
- 地震モデルに地球の形状と深度変動の剛性を組み込むために.
主な方法:
- 継続的に動作するGPSステーションからの静的オフセットを利用した.
- 地球の地質学パラメータを考慮した地震モデルを開発した.
- 地質学的な情報源のパラメータを地震による推定値と比較した.
主要な成果:
- アンダマン海域を含む破裂地帯全体に沿って,平均5メートル以上の滑り込みが示唆されました.
- 合計モメントの25〜35%が1時間以上の時間帯で発生したと示した.
- 地震のマグニチュードは9.2MWを超えないと判断し,dip依存モメントの推定を考慮した.
結論:
- 地質学的データは,大規模な地震の破裂プロセスに関する重要な洞察を提供します.
- 2004年のスマトラ地震は,大きな滑り込みと,かなりの長期間モメントの放出を含んでいた.
- Mw 9.2は,地震のマグニチュードの推定上限である.
関連する概念動画
01:28Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
01:13Resultant of a General Distributed Loading
While designing structures exposed to non-uniform loads, it is crucial to consider the resultant force and its location. This resultant force is a single vector representing the net force applied due to the distributed load.
Examples such as load distribution due to wind and load distribution on a bridge illustrate how this concept is used to analyze and design safe, reliable structures under variable loading conditions. Most structures, such as residential buildings, bridges, and towers, are...
Examples such as load distribution due to wind and load distribution on a bridge illustrate how this concept is used to analyze and design safe, reliable structures under variable loading conditions. Most structures, such as residential buildings, bridges, and towers, are...
01:18Indeterminate Structure
Indeterminate structures refer to structures where internal forces and reactions cannot be determined using only the equations of static equilibrium. Indeterminate structures have more unknown forces and reaction forces than equations of static equilibrium that can be used to determine them. Indeterminate structures are often used in engineering to create complex, efficient, and aesthetically pleasing structures. There are various types of indeterminate structures used in engineering and some...
01:18Residual Stresses in Bending
In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
01:16Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete
The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by a...
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by a...
01:15Distance Corrections
To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...