子どもの病気の負担に関する政策関連情報のギャップ:体系的なレビュー
Igor Rudan1, Joy Lawn, Simon Cousens
1Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 14, 2005
まとめ
幼児死亡率と発病率に関する信頼できるデータは,世界保健政策にとって極めて重要です. しかし,低所得国では研究がほとんど行われず,研究傾向は低下しており,効果的な子どもの健康戦略を阻害しています.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 子どもの健康に関する研究
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 子どもの死亡率と発病率に関する正確なデータは,効果的な国内および国際保健政策にとって不可欠です.
- このシステマティック・レビューでは,子どもの健康に関する情報の出版動向と地理的分布を調査しています.
- この研究では,データの利用可能性と貧困の関連性も評価しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 子どもの健康に関する出版物の地理的分散と時間的傾向を調査する.
- 信頼性の高い子どもの健康データと貧困の関連性を評価する.
- 子どもの病気の負担に関する研究におけるギャップを特定する.
主な方法:
- 1980年以来発表された研究の体系的なレビュー,子供の罹病率と死亡率の主要な原因に焦点を当てた.
- 含有基準は,小児疾患負担の公正な見積もりを提供する研究を選択するために使用されました.
- 2001年1月1日までのデータを考慮した.
主要な成果:
- 17,000件以上の論文のうち,308件のみが,幼児期疾患の負担の公正な見積もりを提供した.
- 地理的な分布は,よく調査された小さな集団を示し,他の場所では大きな情報ギャップがありました.
- 幼児死亡に大きく寄与する世界の最も貧しい国の多くから,信頼できるデータが見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- 小児疾患の負担に関する人口ベースの研究は,発展途上国では稀である.
- 新しい研究の減少傾向は,研究投資の減少を示唆しています.
- ガイドラインと国際的研究政策が緊急に必要であり,子どもの健康に関する研究におけるグローバルな公平性とカバーを保証する.
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