ブロカの領域のマカック猿の同類であるマカック猿のオロファシアル・ソマトモーター反応
Michael Petrides1, Geneviève Cadoret, Scott Mackey
1Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada. petrides@ego.psych.mcgill.ca
Nature
|July 1, 2005
まとめ
科学者は,人間のブロカの領域 (領域44) と比較できる猿の脳領域を発見しました. この領域は,口頭面筋を制御し,言語の生産と進化的なつながりを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 比較解剖学 比較解剖学とは
- 霊長類の脳研究
背景:
- 人間のブロカの領域 (サイトアーキテクトニック領域44号) は,言語の生産に不可欠です.
- 類人猿に似た領域が存在するかどうかは議論されている.
- ホモログな脳領域を理解することは,複雑な機能の進化経路を追跡するのに役立ちます.
研究 の 目的:
- 猿の皮質領域が人間の領域44と類似しているかどうかを調査する.
- マカクのこの潜在的な同類領域の建築的,機能的特性を特徴づける.
- 言語に関連する脳の領域の進化的起源を探求する.
主な方法:
- マカクの前頭葉領域の定量建築分析.
- ニューロン活動の電気生理学的記録.
- マカクの脳における電気的皮質内微刺激.
主要な成果:
- マカクの独特な皮質領域を特定し,建築的に人間の領域44と比べられる.
- この猿の領域44は,アグラヌーラ前運動領域6の腹部部分の前方に位置しています.
- 電気生理学および刺激データは,オロファシアル筋肉の制御への関与を示しています.
結論:
- 人間の領域44の機能的・建築的同型体は,マカクの脳に存在する.
- この領域は,コミュニケーションを含む顔面行動の高レベルの制御のために進化した可能性がある.
- 人間の領域44は,後に言語生産の特定の側面を制御するために適応したかもしれません.
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