モチーフ使用の進化を通して,酵母転写ネットワークの再配線

Jan Ihmels¹, Sven Bergmann, Maryam Gerami-Nejad

¹Department of Molecular Genetics and Department of Physics of Complex systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 6, 2005

まとめ

酵母における遺伝子発現の進化は,転写の大規模な変化,特にリボソームタンパク質の遺伝子に影響を伴う. このシフトは,無酸素成長に関連しており,ゲノム複製後の規制要素の喪失によるものです.

科学分野:

進化的ゲノミクスについて
分子生物学は分子生物学である.
イースト遺伝学イースト遺伝学

背景:

種は遺伝子転写において有意な差異を示すが,遺伝子発現の進化の遺伝的基礎と,表型多様性におけるその役割は不明である.
転写ネットワークの変化を誘発する進化的メカニズムを理解することは,種の適応と多様化を説明するために極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

イーストの転写プログラムにおける大規模な変化の遺伝的基盤を調査する.
変異した遺伝子発現と急速な無酸素成長能力の発達との関連を調査する.
酵母における転写ネットワークの進化に起因する分子機構を特定する.

主な方法:

関連酵母種 (Candida albicansとSaccharomyces cerevisiae) の遺伝子発現パターンの比較分析.
遺伝子発現におけるシス調節要素とその役割の識別と特徴付け.
全ゲノム複製などのゲノムイベントの調査と,遺伝子調節への影響.

主要な成果:

酵母転写プログラムの有意な調節が観察され,急速な無酸素成長の出現と相関していました.
Candida albicansに存在するミトコンドリアおよび細胞質のリボソームタンパク質遺伝子の相関表現は,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeでは失われます.
この相関の喪失は,全ゲノム複製後の多数の遺伝子から特定のシス調節要素の消失に関連しています.

結論:

この研究は,酵母における転写ネットワークの進化を駆動する重要な遺伝的メカニズムを明らかにしている.
ゲノム複製後のシス調節要素の喪失は,遺伝子発現パターンを大幅に変化させ,適応的進化に寄与した.
これらの発見は,遺伝子調節の変化が,真核生物の表型多様性と適応にどのように貢献するかについての洞察を提供します.

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