幼児の予防接種と非標的感染症の入院
Anders Hviid1, Jan Wohlfahrt, Michael Stellfeld
1Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. aii@ssi.dk
JAMA
|August 11, 2005
まとめ
この研究では,小児のワクチン接種が他の感染症のために入院するリスクを増加させるという証拠は見つかりませんでした. 定期的な予防接種は安全で,免疫システムを過負荷させず,子どもを重篤な病気から守ります.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- ワクチン学 ワクチン学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 仮説によると,多重抗原ワクチンまたは集団ワクチン接種は免疫機能不全を引き起こす可能性がある.
- この免疫機能障害は",過負荷"メカニズムを通じて,非標的感染症に対する感受性の増大につながる可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 乳幼児期に日常的に投与されるワクチンと,非標的感染症による入院との関連を調査する.
- ワクチンの抗原負荷と総ワクチン被曝が免疫反応と感染リスクに与える影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 人口ベースのコホート研究では,デンマークで生まれた805,206人の子供 (1990-2001) が含まれていました.
- 特定の感染症に対するワクチンの種類,投与量,入院数に関する縦断的なデータが収集されました.
- 率比は,ワクチン接種状況と感染症入院の関連性を評価するために計算されました.
主要な成果:
- ほとんどの小児のルーチンワクチンと,ターゲットでない感染症の入院との間に有意な有害な関連性は見つかりませんでした.
- Haemophilus influenzae b型ワクチンと急性上呼吸道感染の間の小さな関連が観察されました.
- 感染性疾患の入院のリスクの増加は,ワクチンの投与量増加や,ワクチンによる総体暴露量増加と関連していない.
結論:
- 研究の結果は,複数の抗原ワクチンまたは集団ワクチン接種が,非標的感染性感染症の入院リスクを高めるという仮説を支持しません.
- 結果は,小児の定期予防接種は,他の感染症に対する感受性の増加と関連していないことを示しています.
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