関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 25, 2026

09:29
Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
Published on: December 14, 2011
性別の平等:翻訳で見つかった
Partho Sarothi Ray1, Paul L Fox
1Department of Cell Biology, The Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Cell
|August 27, 2005
まとめ
遺伝子用量補償は,雄の果物ハエのX結合タンパク質レベルが等しいことを保証します. 新しい2段階のトランスレーションサイレンシングメカニズムは,メスでは男性特有のアクティベーター合成を防止し,補償は男性のみで発生することを保証します.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
背景:
- フルーツ・フライや人間を含む多くの種における性決定は,異なる性染色体補完 (通常,雄は1つのX染色体を持ち,雌は2つ) を含む.
- X染色体数の違いにもかかわらず,男性と女性はしばしば,X関連遺伝子の同様の発現レベルを示し,この現象は遺伝子用量補償として知られています.
- 遺伝子用量補償の基礎となる正確な分子機構は複雑で,種によって異なる.
研究 の 目的:
- 果物ハエにおける性特異遺伝子用量補償のメカニズムを解明する.
- X-リンク遺伝子発現の調節に関与する分子プレーヤーを特定する.
主な方法:
- 男性と女性の果物ハエの遺伝子発現パターンの分析.
- タンパク質合成と翻訳調節に関する研究.
- 静音化メカニズムに関与する重要な規制要因の特定.
主要な成果:
- 独特の2段階の翻訳サイレンスメカニズムが特定されました.
- このメカニズムは,特に雌のハエの雄性特異の転写活性化剤を標的とする.
- 静音化は,遺伝子用量補償が男性のみで発生することを保証します.
結論:
- 発見は,遺伝子用量補償のための新しい規制経路を明らかにします.
- このメカニズムは,性別に基づいてX関連遺伝子発現の正確な制御を保証します.
- この研究は,性別特異的な規制プロセスの進化についての洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes
In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...
Dosage Compensation
In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will have...
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will have...
Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are called the...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are called the...

