イーストにおける核細胞アセチル化とメチル化の全ゲノム地図
Dmitry K Pokholok1, Christopher T Harbison, Stuart Levine
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Cell
|August 27, 2005
まとめ
研究者たちは,酵母ゲノム全体でヒストンの改変をマッピングし,活性遺伝子転写に関連したアセチル化およびメチル化の明確なパターンを明らかにしました. これらの発見は,クロマチンの新しい洞察を提供しています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
背景:
- ユカリオットのゲノムは核細胞に編成されています.
- 核細胞の位置と化学的変化が遺伝子発現を調節する.
- ヒストンの改変と遺伝子発現に関する以前の評価は,改訂が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒストンアセチル化とメチル化の高解像度,全ゲノムにわたるマップを作成する.
- 遺伝子発現と核細胞の占有率に関連した核細胞変異を分析する.
- 遺伝子調節におけるクロマチンの役割に関する理解を深めること.
主な方法:
- クロマチン免疫プレシピテーション (ChIP) とDNAマイクロアレイを組み合わせた.
- イーストの全ゲノム全体にわたる核細胞変異のプロファイリング.
- ニュクレオソーム占有率データと改変パターンの統合.
主要な成果:
- ヒストンのアセチル化とメチル化に関する包括的なマップを作成しました.
- 両方の変異と転写活動との関連が確認された.
- 異なる局所化パターンを特定した:遺伝子の開始時にアセチル化,転写された領域全体でメチル化,遺伝子の開始,中間,および終了時に特定のメチル化イベント.
結論:
- ヒストンのアセチル化とメチル化は,遺伝子発現において異なる役割を果たします.
- 特定のメチル化パターンは,活性転写の異なる段階と相関する.
- 生成されたマップは,遺伝子発現とゲノム維持におけるクロマチンの機能のより深い調査のための基礎を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Histone Modification
17.2K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
17.2K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
9.9K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Writers
The writer...
9.9K
Histone Variants at the Centromere
5.3K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
5.3K
Nucleosome Remodeling
11.6K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
11.6K
Euchromatin
9.3K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
9.3K


