宇宙から観測された中国上空の熱帯圏の二酸化窒素の増加
Andreas Richter1, John P Burrows, Hendrik Nüss
1Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
Nature
|September 2, 2005
まとめ
衛星データは,ヨーロッパと米国における二酸化窒素 (NO2) の有意な減少を示しています. しかし,中国の工業地域では,NO2が50%増加し,これまでの推定を上回っている.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- 環境科学 環境科学
- リモートセンシング (リモートセンサー)
背景:
- 燃焼による排出は,空気の質と地球上の熱帯圏の化学構造に影響を与えます.
- 窒素酸化物 (NOx) はオゾン生成を促し,スモッグを引き起こし,トロポスフィアのオゾンを増やす.
- NOxの排出は,酸性窒素の堆積と局所的な放射線強制に寄与する.
研究 の 目的:
- トロポスフィアの二酸化窒素 (NO2) コラムの量を分析するために,1996年から2004年までの期間.
- 衛星で得られたデータを,既存の排出量インベントリーと比較する.
- NOx排出量の地域的動向を評価し,特に工業化途上アジアにおいて.
主な方法:
- GOMEとSCIAMACHYの衛星機器からのデータを使用して,トロポスフィアのNO2コラム密度の取得.
- 1996年から2004年にかけての空間と時間の動向の分析.
- 観測された傾向と,ボトムアップの排出量インベントリー推定値の比較.
主要な成果:
- ヨーロッパとアメリカの一部でNO2濃度の大幅な減少が観察されました.
- 中国の工業地域におけるNO2の大幅な増加を約50%記録した.
- 中国のNO2排出量の年間成長率が加速し,在庫予測を上回っていることを確認した.
結論:
- 衛星観測は,地域のNOx排出量の動向に関する重要な洞察を提供します.
- アジアの経済発展,特に中国の経済発展は,NOx排出量の急速な増加を促しています.
- 衛星データと在庫の間の不一致は,開発途上地域における排出量監視の改善の必要性を強調しています.
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