患者の助けを求める経験とがんの発症の遅延: 質的合成
Lucy K Smith1, Catherine Pope, Johannes L Botha
1Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 6TP, UK. lks1@le.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|September 6, 2005
まとめ
癌の診断における患者の経験を理解することは,遅延を軽減し,生存率を向上させるための鍵です. 相談への恐怖と症状の解釈は,ジェンダーと社会的サポートの影響を受け,助けを求める行動に大きく影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 質的研究とは,定性的な研究です.
- 健康心理学 心理学について
背景:
- 癌診断の遅延を減らすことは,患者の生存率を改善するための重要な戦略です.
- 癌の症状を認識し,迅速な医療援助を求める患者の経験は極めて重要ですが,しばしば十分に調査されていません.
- 定性的な研究は,これらの患者の旅のニュアンスに関する深い洞察を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 癌の症状の認識と助けを求める患者の経験に関する国際的な質的研究を統合する.
- 癌診断の遅延に寄与する共通のテーマと根本的な要因を特定する.
- がん治療を改善するためのターゲットを絞った介入の開発のための証拠を提供すること.
主な方法:
- メタエスノグラフィーを用いた質的合成が採用されました.
- 癌の診断の遅延に焦点を当てた1985年から2004年の国際出版物は,体系的に検索されました.
- 分析は,患者の体験を解釈するために,第二次構造を特定し,第三次構造を開発することを含む.
主要な成果:
- 20種類の癌の患者と介護者775人を超える32件の定性論文が分析されました.
- 主なテーマは,症状の認識,解釈,および相談への重大な恐れ (恥ずかしいこと,または癌そのものである) を含む.
- 患者の性別と助けを求める社会的制裁は,迅速な相談に影響を与える重要な要因として浮上した.
結論:
- 癌診断の遅延を減らすための戦略は,診察をめぐる患者の不安や恐怖に対処しなければなりません.
- 患者の性別の影響と,社会的なサポート (友人,家族,医療従事者) の役割が,相談を承認する上で重要であることを認識することが重要です.
- このメタエスノグラフィは,患者体験の包括的な国際的な概要を提供し,多様な質的研究を合成しています.
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