トランスクリプトームの小さなRNA成分の解明
Cheng Lu1, Shivakundan Singh Tej, Shujun Luo
1Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 6, 2005
まとめ
研究者らは,ミクロRNA (miRNA) や小干渉RNA (siRNA) を含む,アラビドプシス・タリアナの75,000以上の小さなRNA配列を特定しました. 以前は特徴がないと考えられていた多くのゲノム領域は,多数の小さなRNAを生成することが判明しました.
科学分野:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- RNAの生物学とは,RNAの生物学である.
背景:
- 小型RNAは,真核生物における重要な調節分子であるが,その多くは未だに特定されていない.
- 小型RNAの多様性と起源を理解することは,遺伝子調節を解読するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- モデル植物であるアラビドプシス・タリアナの小さなRNAを包括的に特定し,特徴づけること.
- 異なる小型のRNAクラスの豊富性とゲノム起源を調査する.
主な方法:
- アラビドプシス・タリアナ (Arabidopsis thaliana) の苗木と花束から200万以上の小さなRNA分子の高通量シーケンシング.
- 既知のおよび新しいマイクロRNA (miRNA) および小干渉RNA (siRNA) を識別するためのバイオ情報分析.
主要な成果:
- 7万5千以上のユニークな小さなRNA配列が特定されました.
- マイクロRNA (miRNA) は,多数の小型の干渉RNA (siRNA) とともに,繰り返し要素,遺伝子間の領域,遺伝子へのマッピングが豊富でした.
- 以前は特徴づけられていなかったゲノム領域に由来する多数の小さなRNAが検出されました.
結論:
- アラビドプシス・タリアナは,広大で多様な小さなRNA群を擁しています.
- 小型の干渉RNA (siRNAs) は広く存在し,幅広いゲノム位置から発生します.
- この研究は,植物の小さなRNA生産の既知の風景を拡張しています.
関連する概念動画
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
02:30Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...