非極性環境における分子酸素のPd媒介による活性化
Jason M Keith1, Robert J Nielsen, Jonas Oxgaard
1Materials Process and Simulation Center, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 22, 2005
まとめ
この研究は,酸素がパラジアム-水素結合に直接挿入される方法を明らかにしています. このメカニズムは,水素抽出,パラジウム ((I) -OOH) の形成,スピン移行,および触媒サイクルに不可欠な過酸化水素の放出を含む.
科学分野:
- 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
- コンピューティング・ケミストリー
- 反応メカニズム 反応メカニズム
背景:
- パラジウム-ヒドリド複合体は,様々な触媒変換における重要な中間物質である.
- これらの種とO2の直接的な相互作用を理解することは,触媒設計に不可欠です.
- 以前の研究では,O(2) 挿入のメカニズム的な経路が完全に解明されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- パラジウム-ヒドリド結合に直接O2を挿入するメカニズムの解明.
- 反応経路における溶媒とリガンド効果の役割を調査する.
- 触媒サイクルにおける重要な中間物質と移行状態を特定する.
主な方法:
- B3LYP/LACVP**を使用して量子力学の計算を行いました.
- トロウレン溶解のための極化連続溶媒モデル (PBF).
- モデル複合体Pd (II) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pd (II) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - モデル複合体Pd (II) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - スパルテイン (Pd (II) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) とPd (II) - - - - -
主要な成果:
- このメカニズムは,三重の酸素による水素原子抽象を経由して進みます.
- 安定したL(2)XPd(I)OOHトリプル種の形成.
- 安定した L(2)XPd(II)OOH シングレット種へのスピン移行.
- その後のH(2) O(2) の損失は,触媒サイクルを完了する.
結論:
- 反応の実行可能性は,シスH結合受容体と,Pd(I) 種を安定させるリガンドに依存する.
- 電子を取り除くリガンドは,Pd{\displaystyle Pd{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle Pd}{\displaystyle I}}}) の中間物質を安定化するために必要である.
- これらの要因がなければ,パラジウム水化物の挿入メカニズムは非極性環境では失敗します.
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