米国生物医学研究:基礎科学,翻訳科学,臨床科学

Elias A Zerhouni¹

¹National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md 20892, USA. zerhoune@od.nih.gov

JAMA

|September 22, 2005

まとめ

国立衛生研究所 (NIH) は,慢性疾患と医療費の上昇に対処するために臨床研究を変革しています. これは,病気の早期予測と予防のためのゲノムデータと先進技術を活用することを意味します.

科学分野:

バイオメディカル・リサーチ
翻訳科学とは,翻訳科学である.
ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは

背景:

国立衛生研究所 (NIH) は,75年の歴史を持つ主要な生物医学研究機関です.
医療科学は急性疾患の研究から慢性疾患の研究へと移行しており,コストの上昇とヒトゲノムシーケンシングからのデータによって推進されています.
先進的な技術は,健康と病気における分子ネットワークの研究を可能にします.

研究の目的:

科学的発見と医療実践の変革に対するNIHのコミットメントを概説する.
NIHのロードマップを変化の原動力として強調し,臨床研究の再設計に焦点を当てます.
国家保健の改善のための翻訳的な臨床科学と学際的なアプローチを前進させる.

主な方法:

ヒトゲノムシーケンシングによる生物学的データの流れを活用する.
分子ネットワークの研究のための高度な高スループット技術を活用する.
新しいアプローチを通じて,国家臨床研究事業の再設計.

主要な成果:

精密な分子知識を通じて,病気のリスクのある個人を特定する.
病気の発生前に予防的介入を可能にします.
医療における主要な課題に取り組むことにより,医療の実践を前進させる.

結論:

現在の時代は,重点を慢性疾患の予防に移す機会を提示しています.
NIHのロードマップは,臨床研究におけるイノベーションを推進する上で極めて重要です.
翻訳科学と学際的な協力の変革は,国民保健の強化の鍵です.

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