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210Pb-226Ra-230Thの不均衡からなる海洋のマグマティズムに対する最低限速制限
K H Rubin1, I van der Zander, M C Smith
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, Hawaii Center for Volcanology, University of Hawaii, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. krubin@hawaii.edu
Nature
|September 24, 2005
まとめ
中洋ののマグマチズムは,マントルの融解が輸送され,蓄積され,数十年以内に噴火するなど,急速に発生することがあります. この急速なプロセスは地殻の構造と山脊火山の熱水活動に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- 火山学 火山学とは
- ラジオジオ化学 ラジオジオ化学
背景:
- 中洋のは,地球上の地殻のマグマティズムの70%を占めています.
- マグマの入力時間スケールの理解は,地殻の構造,熱水活動,そして生物圏の動態にとって極めて重要です.
- 放射性崩壊連鎖ナキュリドは,親子不均衡を通してマグマの時間スケールを評価することができます.
研究 の 目的:
- 中洋の山脊におけるマグマの入力速度を調査する.
- 放射性不均衡を用いて溶融輸送,蓄積,噴火の時間スケールを推論する.
- 脊火山における急速なマグマの変動の影響を理解するために.
主な方法:
- 若い海洋ベースルト (<20歳) の210Pb-226Ra-230Th放射性不均衡の分析.
- 適合する微量元素比率を含む地化学的属性の検討.
- 観測された不均衡をシミュレートするためにマントルの融解モデルを適用する.
主要な成果:
- 観測された210Pbの赤字 (最大15%) は,中海のの玄武岩で226Raに比べて,最近の分断を示しています.
- 最大の210Pb欠乏は,マグネシウム豊富な溶岩と相関しています.
- 地化学的なデータは,観測された不均衡の主要な原因として地殻-マグマの分化または脱ガス化を排除しています.
結論:
- マントルの溶融は,運ばれ,蓄積され,数十年以内に大海の真ん中の山脊で噴火することができます.
- 脊火山のマグマ条件は急速に変動する.
- マントルから派生する放射能の不均衡を保つために,急速な溶融輸送メカニズムが必要である.
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