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関連する概念動画

Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube01:18

Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube

When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
Hydraulic Jump01:29

Hydraulic Jump

A hydraulic jump is a sudden rise in fluid depth in open channels, occurring when high-velocity (supercritical) flow transitions to low-velocity (subcritical) flow. This phenomenon requires an upstream Froude number greater than 1, as flows with Fr1<1 remain subcritical, making a hydraulic jump impossible due to the need for negative head loss, which violates thermodynamic principles.The characteristics of a hydraulic jump depend on the upstream Froude number and are classified as...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Fast Imaging Technique to Study Drop Impact Dynamics of Non-Newtonian Fluids
10:09

Fast Imaging Technique to Study Drop Impact Dynamics of Non-Newtonian Fluids

Published on: March 5, 2014

ジャンプするナノドロップレット

A Habenicht1, M Olapinski, F Burmeister

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 24, 2005
PubMed
まとめ

レーザーパルスにより,フラットゴールドナノ構造物が溶け,球状に急速に収縮します. この急速な湿潤プロセスは,ナノ粒子を高速度で表面から放出することができます.

科学分野:

  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
  • ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー
  • レーザー物理学 レーザー物理学

背景:

  • ナノ構造の製造には,しばしば基板に薄膜が付いている.
  • レーザーで誘発されたプロセスは,材料の特性や形質を修正することができます.
  • 溶けたナノ粒子のダイナミックな振る舞いを理解することは,アプリケーションにとって極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • レーザーで融解した金のナノ構造物のダイナミックな振る舞いを調査する.
  • 露出と収縮の過程を分析する.
  • ナノ粒子の離散の可能性と速度を決定する.

主な方法:

  • 単一の強烈なレーザーパルスでフラットゴールドナノ構造物の照明.
  • イネート基板 (ガラス,グラファイト) の構造変化の観察.
  • ナノ秒間の液体収縮と質量中心運動の分析.

主要な成果:

  • 金の融解値以上のレーザー流動は,液体の構造を誘導した.
  • 急速な湿潤プロセスは,ナノ秒以内に球状の収縮につながりました.
  • 収縮中の慣性効果は,質量中心の向上運動を引き起こした.

さらに関連する動画

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles
08:39

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles

Published on: October 16, 2017

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Fast Imaging Technique to Study Drop Impact Dynamics of Non-Newtonian Fluids
10:09

Fast Imaging Technique to Study Drop Impact Dynamics of Non-Newtonian Fluids

Published on: March 5, 2014

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles
08:39

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles

Published on: October 16, 2017

  • 100nm半径のドロップレットの速度が最大10m/sまでで,ドロップレットの分離が観察されました.

    • 結論:

    • レーザーで誘発された融解と露出は,ナノ粒子ダイナミックリフォームへの経路を提供します.
    • このプロセスは,ナノ粒子が基板からエネルギー的に分離することにつながります.
    • 達成された高速は,ナノ粒子の操作と堆積の可能性を示唆しています.