民族的性格は49の文化の平均的な人格特性のレベルを反映していない
A Terracciano1, A M Abdel-Khalek, N Adám
1National Institute on Aging, NIH, DHHS, Gerontology Research Center, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. terraccianoa@grc.nia.nih.gov
まとめ
民族的な性格に関する信念は一般的だが,根拠のないステレオタイプであるように思われる. この研究では,文化を超えた人格特性の認識が,実際の評価された人格スコアと一致していないことがわかりました.
科学分野:
- 異文化心理学とは,異文化心理学である.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学とは
- 人格研究とは,人格に関する研究です.
背景:
- 個人は,自分や他の文化の典型的な人格の特徴について,しばしば信念を持っている.
- これらの国民的性格の認識は,個人的な経験の一般化からステレオタイプまであり,その中には潜在的な"真実の核"があるか,完全に不正確である可能性がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 国民的な性格の認識の正確さを調査する.
- 文化的な人格特質に関する世俗的な信念を,経験的に評価された人格スコアと比較する.
主な方法:
- 49の文化にまたがる3989人の国民的な性格評価を集めました.
- これらの評価を,観察者の評価と,それらの文化における自己報告から得られた平均的な人格スコアと比較した.
主要な成果:
- 全国のキャラクター評価は信頼性を示した.
- しかし,これらの認識は,文化メンバーの評価された人格特性に収束しなかった.
- 認識された人格特性と実際の人格特性の間で大きな差異が見られた.
結論:
- 国民性についての認識は,主に根拠のないステレオタイプであるように思われる.
- これらのステレオタイプは,現実を反映するのではなく,国家アイデンティティの感覚を保存または強化するために機能するかもしれません.
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