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関連する概念動画

Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues
12:07

Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues

Published on: November 22, 2014

メチルトランスフェラーゼ誘導DNA鎖分裂

Lindsay R Comstock1, Scott R Rajski

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 13, 2005
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,改変DNAがメチル化部位を明らかにするためにどのように損傷されるかを示しています. この新しい化学的方法は,特定のDNA損傷を使用してDNAメチル化を迅速に特定し,遺伝子研究に役立ちます.

科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 有機化学 オーガニック・ケミストリー
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

  • DNAメチル化は,遺伝子調節に関与する重要なエピジェネティック変異です.
  • メチル化DNA領域を特定することは,様々な生物学的プロセスや病気を理解するために不可欠です.
  • DNAメチル化を検出する現在の方法は,複雑で時間がかかります.

研究 の 目的:

  • DNAメチル化の迅速な識別のための新しい化学戦略を開発する.
  • スタウディンガー結合化学を用いてDNAを改変し,その後の鎖分裂を行う.
  • DNAメチルトランスファーゼ (MTase) 活性と認識部位を検出する方法を確立する.

主な方法:

  • メチルトランスフェラーゼ (MTases) により改変されたDNAは,フェナントロリン由来トリアリルフォスフィンによるスタウディンガー結合を受けた.
  • その結果得られた二重複体は,Cu (II) と3 - メルカプトプロピオン酸で処理され,DNA鎖の分裂を誘導した.
  • 特定のMTAゼ (M.TaqIとM.HhaI) は,合成アジドを含むコファクターと共にDNAの病変を生成するために使用されました.

主要な成果:

  • MTaseで改変されたDNAは,スタウディンガー結合に成功しました.

さらに関連する動画

An Engineered Split-TET2 Enzyme for Chemical-inducible DNA Hydroxymethylation and Epigenetic Remodeling
08:34

An Engineered Split-TET2 Enzyme for Chemical-inducible DNA Hydroxymethylation and Epigenetic Remodeling

Published on: December 18, 2017

Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors
06:07

Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors

Published on: August 5, 2022

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues
12:07

Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues

Published on: November 22, 2014

An Engineered Split-TET2 Enzyme for Chemical-inducible DNA Hydroxymethylation and Epigenetic Remodeling
08:34

An Engineered Split-TET2 Enzyme for Chemical-inducible DNA Hydroxymethylation and Epigenetic Remodeling

Published on: December 18, 2017

Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors
06:07

Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors

Published on: August 5, 2022

  • 化学処理により,特異的にMTase認識部位で鎖分裂が発生しました.
  • DNAの病変が発生し,酵素改変塩基への鎖分裂を誘導した5'.

    • 結論:

    • 新しい化学的アプローチにより,DNAメチル化の迅速な識別が可能になりました.
    • この方法は,メチル化部位に近接するDNA損傷を誘導することに依存しています.
    • この技術は,DNAメチル化パターンとMTase活性の研究に貴重なツールを提供します.