B型肝炎ワクチンの長期免疫性とブースター接種政策:イタリアの多センター研究
Alessandro Remo Zanetti1, Andrea Mariano, Luisa Romanò
1Istituto di Virologia, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy. alessandro.zanetti@unimi.it
Lancet (London, England)
|October 18, 2005
まとめ
イタリアでのB型肝炎ワクチン接種は,ほとんどの乳幼児と青少年において10年以上持続する免疫力を提供します. 一般的に,ブースター投与は,B型肝炎ウイルスに対する保護を維持するために必要ありません.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- ワクチン学 ワクチン学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 幼児と青少年に対する普遍的なB型肝炎ワクチン接種は,1991年にイタリアで開始されました.
- ワクチン接種後の10年間,長期免疫とブースタードーズの必要性を評価したマルチセンター研究.
研究 の 目的:
- 主要B型肝炎ワクチン接種後の免疫の持続期間を評価する.
- 持続的な保護のためにブースタードーズの必要性を判断する.
主な方法:
- 抗HBsと抗HBcの抗体濃度測定は,10年以上前にワクチン接種を受けた1212人の子供と446人の青少年で実施した.
- 抗HBs<10IU/Lと再評価された抗体レベルを有する個人にブースター投与.
主要な成果:
- 64%の子どもと89%の青少年が10年後に抗HBsの保護レベル (>10 IU/L) を維持した.
- ブースター投与は,抗体濃度が低い子どもの97%と青少年の96%で経歴反応を誘発した.
結論:
- 強い免疫的記憶は,初等B型肝炎ワクチン接種後も長く持続する.
- ブースター投与は,B型肝炎に対する長期的な保護を確保するために必要ない可能性が高い.
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