オリゴデンドロサイト系における細胞死と細胞生存の制御
B A Barres1, I K Hart, H S Coles
1Medical Research Council Developmental Neurobiology Programme, University College, London, England.
Cell
|July 10, 1992
まとめ
ネズミの視神経にあるオリゴデンドロサイトのように,発達中の動物における正常な細胞死は,生存要因の競争によるものです. 血小板由来成長因子の増加は,細胞死亡を大幅に減らし,細胞数を増加させた.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 正常な細胞死は,発達中の動物組織に多く見られるが,その原因はほとんど不明である.
- オリゴデンドロサイトは,中枢神経系の重要な膠細胞であり,ミエリンシート形成に責任があります.
研究 の 目的:
- ネズミの視神経の発達における正常なオリゴデンドロサイト死の原因を調査する.
- オリゴデンドロ細胞の発達と生存に関与する特定の生存因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- ネズミの視神経の発達におけるオリゴデンドロサイト死亡の定量化.
- 血小板由来成長因子 (PDGF) とインスリン類似成長因子 (IGFs) のオリゴデンドロシートの生存に対する効果をインビトロで評価する.
- オリゴデンドロサイト数と死亡率への影響を観察するために,PDGFレベルをインビヴォで操作する.
主要な成果:
- 通常,オリゴデンドロサイトの約50%が,成長中のラット視神経の細胞死を経験します.
- 血小板由来成長因子およびインスリン類似成長因子は,オリゴデンドロサイトおよびその前駆体に対する生存因子として作用します.
- 発達中の視神経におけるPDGF濃度の上昇は,オリゴデンドロサイトの死滅を最大90%減少させ,4日以内にオリゴデンドロサイト数を倍増させた.
結論:
- ネズミの視神経の発達における正常なオリゴデンドロサイト死は,限られた生存信号の競争によって主に引き起こされます.
- PDGFなどの生存因子は,発達中のオリゴデンドロサイト数を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 生存因子に対する競争の原則は,神経以外の組織における正常な細胞死にも適用され得る.
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