熱帯雨林の種減少と地上の炭素貯蔵
Daniel E Bunker1, Fabrice Declerck, Jason C Bradford
1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. deb37@columbia.edu
まとめ
熱帯雨林の生物多様性の減少は,炭素貯蔵に重大な影響を及ぼします. 絶滅だけでなく,将来の種の構成は,熱帯雨林の炭素貯蔵量に大きな影響を与えるだろう.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 林業 林業 林業 林業 林業
- 気候変動科学 気候変動科学
背景:
- 熱帯雨林の生物多様性は,世界的に減少しています.
- この生物多様性喪失が,炭素貯蔵などの重要な生態系サービスに与える影響は,まだ十分に理解されていない.
- これらの影響を理解することは,将来の森林の炭素動態を予測するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 熱帯樹種の減少が,炭素貯蔵にどのような影響を与えているかを評価する.
- 異なる絶滅シナリオの下での炭素貯蔵量の潜在的な変動を定量化する.
- 生物学的保険と炭素貯蔵の維持における種組成の役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- 18種類の異なる樹種の絶滅シナリオをシミュレートした.
- パナマのよく研究された50ヘクタールの熱帯雨林の土地から得られたデータを利用した.
- 種減少が地上の炭素蓄積に及ぼす影響を分析した.
主要な成果:
- シミュレートされた絶滅シナリオは,地上の炭素貯蔵量の600%以上の変動をもたらしました.
- 森林内の生物保険は,シナリオによって400%以上変化しました.
- 種組成は,将来の炭素貯蔵の強い決定因子として特定されました.
結論:
- 熱帯雨林の将来の炭素貯蔵は,種の構成に非常に敏感です.
- 生物多様性の減少は,森林の炭素吸収能力に大きな変化をもたらす可能性があります.
- 保護戦略は,生態系サービスを維持するために,種の組成を考慮する必要があります.
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