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健康研究における社会経済的地位: "つのサイズがすべてに合わない"
Paula A Braveman1, Catherine Cubbin, Susan Egerter
1Center on Social Disparities in Health and Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0900, USA. braveman@fcm.ucsf.edu
JAMA
|December 15, 2005
まとめ
研究における社会経済的地位 (SES) の測定は複雑である. 異なるSESの測定は,特に健康格差に関して,さまざまな結論につながり,より微妙なアプローチを必要とします.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
- 健康格差 研究 研究
背景:
- 社会経済的地位 (SES) は,健康研究において極めて重要であり,しばしば制御変数として使用されます.
- 現在のSES測定方法は,研究成果をバイアスさせ,政策に影響を与える可能性のある重大な課題を提示しています.
- 収入と富において人種/民族の格差が存在し,単一のSES指標に基づく個人の比較性が疑問視されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 健康研究における標準的な社会経済的地位 (SES) 測定技術を批判的に評価する.
- 研究の結論,実践,政策に対するSES測定の問題の影響を強調する.
- 多様な集団でSESを測定するための改善された戦略を提案する.
主な方法:
- SES測定に関する既存の文献の分析.
- SESの指標 (収入,教育,富) に関する人種/民族の違いを示す新しいデータの検討.
- 異なるSES対策が健康格差に関する結論にどのように影響するかを検討する.
主要な成果:
- 標準的なSES測定法は,異なる社会経済的層,特に人種/民族間の個人を正確に比較できない場合があります.
- 社会経済的要因を制御するために使用されるSES測定法の選択は,健康上の差異の原因についての結論を変更することができます.
- 研究における限られたSES測定は,不正確な結果につながり,再評価を必要とする可能性があります.
結論:
- SES測定に対する"万全"のアプローチは不十分である.
- SES測定の成果と社会集団特有のアプローチを推奨する.
- 複数の関連するSES要因を測定し,より堅実な研究のために限界を認識することを強調します.
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