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カリフォルニア流のプランクトン型藻は,20世紀の温暖化を反映している
David B Field1, Timothy R Baumgartner, Christopher D Charles
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. dfield@mbari.org
まとめ
海の温暖化がカリフォルニア流に影響を及ぼしている.
科学分野:
- 海洋生態学 海洋生態学とは
- パレオセアノグラフィー
- 気候科学 気候科学
背景:
- 海洋温暖化に対するペラジック生態系の反応は完全に理解されていません.
- 人為的な温暖化と自然の海洋変動の区別は難しい.
- カリフォルニア流の生態系は環境変化に敏感です.
研究 の 目的:
- 1400年以上にわたる過去プランクトンフォラミニフェラの変異を再構築する.
- 20世紀の海洋温暖化がカリフォルニア流に与える影響を評価するためです.
- 人為的な温暖化と自然の海洋変動を区別する.
主な方法:
- カリフォルニア州南部から採取したバルブ化した堆積物から採取したプランクトン型フォラミニフェラの分析.
- 種の再構築 1,400年以上の種数変化.
- 20世紀の温暖化傾向と歴史的なデータを比較する.
主要な成果:
- プランクトン型フォラミニフェラは,20世紀に熱帯/亜熱帯の種が増えていることを示しています.
- 20世紀後半に深刻な温暖化傾向が観察されました.
- 温帯/亜極圏の種は,20世紀後半に著しく減少した.
- 20世紀の温暖化は,1400年以上にわたって観察された自然変動を上回りました.
結論:
- 20世紀における海洋温暖化は,おそらく人為的なもので,カリフォルニア流の低いトロフィックレベルに影響を与えている.
- 観測された変化は,自然の海洋変動から大きく逸脱していることを示唆しています.
- プランクトンフォラミニフェラは,海洋温暖化と生態系変化の敏感な指標として機能しています.
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