共進化したクリプトと外分腺は,真菌を栽培するアリの相互性細菌を支えている
Cameron R Currie1, Michael Poulsen, John Mendenhall
1Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. currie@bact.wisc.edu
まとめ
アッティンアリは菌類を栽培し,特殊な腺に抗生物質を産生する細菌を宿す. これらの構造は時間とともに進化し,庭の寄生虫に対するアリ,真菌,バクテリアの共進化した関係を示している.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- エントモロジー エントモロジー学
背景:
- アッティンアリは,真菌,寄生虫,バクテリアを含む複雑な四部分の共生を示します.
- 以前の研究では,この共生システム内の古代の宿主-病原体関連が示唆されていました.
研究 の 目的:
- バクテリアの培養構造の進化史と構造的適応をアチンアリで調査する.
- アリ,その菌類,寄生虫微生物,共生細菌の共進化的関係を決定する.
主な方法:
- 進化的関係を推論するために分子系統遺伝学の分析.
- アトインアリにおける皮質構造と外分腺の比較解剖学的研究.
- バクテリアの存在と構造の変化を,異なるアリ族の間で調べる.
主要な成果:
- アッティンアリは,抗生物質を生成するバクテリアを育てるための,特殊な皮質クリプトと外分腺を持っています.
- これらの構造は,近隣のアリの系統にわたる重要な進化的改変を示しています.
- 研究されたバクテリアと特殊な腺構造は,非真菌で育つアリ族には存在しない.
結論:
- シンビオティックな細菌を収容するための特殊な構造は古くから存在し,重要な進化的修正を受けています.
- この発見は,アティヌスアリ,その真菌パートナー,共生細菌,庭の寄生虫との間の長年の共進化した関連性を強く示している.
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