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大眼トナ (Thunnus obesus) の生理学的および行動的温度調節
K N Holland1, R W Brill, R K Chang
1Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, Kaneohe 96744.
Nature
|July 30, 1992
まとめ
ビッグアイ・トゥナ (Thunnus obesus) は,身体を素早く調整することができる.
科学分野:
- マリン・バイオロジー マリン・バイオロジー
- 生理学 生理学とは
- 動物の行動 動物の行動
背景:
- トゥナ魚は,独特の熱保存型テレオスト魚です.
- 血管の逆流熱交換器は,体温を高く維持し,狩猟のための筋肉の効率を高めます.
- 過去の研究では,トンネルの急速な温度調節を明確に証明することができなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- フリーランジングの大眼トンネ (Thunnus obesus) の温度調節能力を調査する.
- トナが全身の熱伝導性を急速に変化させることができるかどうかを判断する.
- 生理学的および行動的熱調節が,餌の範囲を拡大する方法を理解するために.
主な方法:
- 遠隔測定データを活用して,自由に生息する大きな目を持つトナを捕まえた.
- 全身の熱伝導性の変化を分析する.
- 熱伝導性の調整を,より暖かい地表水への上昇と,より冷たい深さへの降下と相関させる.
主要な成果:
- ビッグアイ・トゥナ魚は,全身の熱伝導性を2倍の大きさで変化させることができる.
- 熱交換器は,より暖かい水域に昇る際の急速な温暖化のためにオフにされます.
- 熱交換器は,より深く,より寒い水域に戻るときに,熱の保存のために再活性化されます.
結論:
- ビッグアイ・チューナ魚は,生理学的および行動的温度調節の両方を表しています.
- この組み合わせられた戦略により,トナマグロは,冷たい深海に餌を集めることを拡大することができます.
- 熱伝導性の急速な調整は,多様な熱環境を利用するトンネルの能力の鍵です.
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