突然の乳児死亡症候群における主要な疫学的変化:英国における20年間の人口ベースの研究
Peter S Blair1, Peter Sidebotham, P Jeremy Berry
1Institute of Child Life and Health, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 31, 2006
まとめ
突然の乳児死亡症候群 (SIDS) の流行病学は,特にソファでの共眠による死亡の増加とともに変化しました. 予防戦略は,社会経済的な要因と不安全な睡眠環境に対処しなければならない.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 小児科は小児科です.
背景:
- 突然の乳児死亡症候群 (SIDS) の流行病学は,1991年以降に変化している可能性があります. イギリスのバック・トゥ・スリープキャンペーン.
- このキャンペーンは,背中に寝ることを推奨し,SIDSの死亡率を低下させた.
- 縦断データ分析は,これらの疫学的変化を評価するために使用されます.
研究 の 目的:
- 20年以上にわたるSIDS流行病学の変化を評価する.
- SIDSの危険因子に対するバック・トゥ・スリープキャンペーンの影響を評価する.
- SIDS症例の現在の傾向と関連する人口統計を特定する.
主な方法:
- 369件の予期せぬ乳児死亡 (1984年-2003年) の家庭訪問から得られた人口ベースのデータを利用した.
- 300件のSIDS症例と69件の説明可能な死亡がAvonに含まれています.
- 1993年から1996年にかけての1300人の対照乳児とのデータを比較した.
主要な成果:
- 親が一緒に寝ている間に発生したSIDS死亡の割合は12%から50%に上昇した.
- 親のベッドでSIDS死亡の実際の数は半分に減った;ソファで共眠する死亡は増加した.
- SIDSの危険因子の増加には,社会経済的背景の欠乏,母親の喫煙,早産などが含まれる.
結論:
- SIDSに寄与する主要な要因は20年以上にわたって進化してきました.
- ソファで共眠することは,新しい,不明瞭なリスクをもたらします;回避が推奨されます.
- 現在,SIDSによる死亡のほとんどは,貧しい家庭で発生しており,予防のために標的を絞った制御データを必要としています.
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