関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 15, 2026
13:31
Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis
Published on: October 31, 2014
Tn7の転移は,DNAの段階的な断裂によって生成される切除されたトランポゾン中間体を通って行われます
R Bainton1, P Gamas, N L Craig
1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, George W. Hooper Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143.
Cell
|May 31, 1991
まとめ
バクテリアのトランポゾンTn7は,Escherichia coli染色体への高周波挿入のための細胞フリーシステムを使用します. このトランスポーゼーションにはATPと特定のタンパク質が必要で,それは核タンパク質複合体内のカット&ペーストメカニズムで動作する.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- バクテリアの転移
背景:
- バクテリアのトランポゾンとは,宿主のゲノムを変えることができる移動性遺伝要素です.
- Tn7トランポゾンは,細菌の特定の染色体部位に挿入することが知られている.
研究 の 目的:
- Tn7トランスポジションを研究するための細胞フリーシステムを開発する.
- Tn7の転置のメカニズムと要件をin vitroで解明する.
主な方法:
- バクテリアのトランスポーゼーションアッセイのための細胞フリーシステムの開発.
- 精製された成分とDNA基板を使用してTn7転移の生化学分析.
- 転置メカニズムの特徴は,カット&ペーストである.
主要な成果:
- 細胞のないシステムで観測された高周波Tn7転移.
- トランスポーゼーションにはATPと特定のTn7にコードされたタンパク質が必要です.
- Tn7は,二重鎖の断裂とDNA末端の結合を含むカット&ペーストメカニズムを使用しています.
結論:
- Tn7の転移は,多タンパク質核タンパク質複合体の中で発生する.
- 複合体内のattTn7標的部位の認識は,DNAの分裂を誘発する.
- 細胞のないシステムは,転置メカニズムを研究するための堅牢なプラットフォームを提供します.
関連する概念動画
02:10Translesion DNA Polymerases
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
02:13Overview of Transposition and Recombination
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
02:57DNA-only Transposons
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
03:08LTR Retrotransposons
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
03:18Non-LTR Retrotransposons
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
01:24Transposons
Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...