冬の森の土壌呼吸は,気候と微生物コミュニティの組成によって制御されます
Russell K Monson1, David L Lipson, Sean P Burns
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA. Russell.Monson@colorado.edu
Nature
|February 10, 2006
まとめ
冬の雪の積もりが減ると,山岳林の土壌呼吸が低下する. 浅い雪による寒い土壌は,炭素の損失を減らし,森林の炭素吸収率に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 森林科学 林業科学 林業科学
- 気候科学 気候科学
背景:
- 陸上の炭素の蓄積は極めて重要で,山岳林は重要な役割を果たしている.
- 冬の呼吸による二酸化炭素の損失は,これらの生態系では相当なものです.
- スノーパックの深さは,冬の土壌温度と呼吸率に影響します.
研究 の 目的:
- 土壌の炭素循環に雪の覆いの変動が与える影響を調査する.
- 自然の気候の変動が森林の炭素交換にどのように影響するかを理解する.
- 雪の深さと土壌呼吸の関係を見極めるため.
主な方法:
- サバルパイン・フォレストの生態系における二酸化炭素交換の6年間のデータセットを利用した.
- 冬の雪の積もりの深さと土壌呼吸率の相関を分析した.
- 異なる雪の条件下で土壌の微生物コミュニティの特徴を調査した.
主要な成果:
- 冬の雪の積もりが少なくなった年は,土壌呼吸率が著しく低下した.
- 土壌の微生物のコミュニティは,雪の下の低温で高い活動と成長を示した.
- 雪の深さは,冬の土壌呼吸を制御する重要な要因として特定されました.
結論:
- 雪の覆いの深さの変化は,森林生態系における土壌の炭素吸収に直接影響する.
- 雪の積もりが減少するより温暖な気候は,森林の炭素バランスを変化させる可能性があります.
- 温度に対する土壌微生物の反応は,これらの変化を理解する鍵となる.
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