慢性ウイルス感染症中に枯渇したT細胞を若返らせます
1Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
Cell
|February 14, 2006
まとめ
プログラム細胞死タンパク質1 (PD-1) 経路を阻害すると,慢性ウイルス感染症の際に枯渇したT細胞が再活性化されます. この介入は,マウスのT細胞機能を回復することによって,ウイルス負荷を低下させます.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- T細胞の枯渇によるT細胞の枯渇.
背景:
- 慢性ウイルス感染症は,T細胞の疲労,免疫細胞機能の障害状態につながる.
- プログラム細胞死タンパク質1 (PD-1) は,免疫受容体であり,疲労したT細胞でしばしば上調される.
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性ウイルス感染症中のT細胞枯渇におけるPD-1アップレギュレーションの役割を調査する.
- PD-1/PD-L1の相互作用を阻害することでT細胞の機能を回復し,ウイルス負荷を制御できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 慢性ウイルス感染症のマウスモデルでのT細胞枯渇を研究した.
- T細胞のPD-1の発現を分析した.
- PD-1またはそのリガンド,PD-L1.1に対するブロック抗体を投与する.
主要な成果:
- PD-1は,ウイルス感染症の慢性期間に"枯渇した"T細胞で有意にアップレギュレーションされた.
- PD-1/PD-L1の相互作用をブロックすると,これらの枯渇したT細胞が再活性化されます.
- T細胞の再活性化により,ウイルスの負荷が低下しました.
結論:
- PD-1のアップレギュレーションは,慢性ウイルス感染症におけるT細胞枯渇の重要な特徴です.
- PD-1経路を標的にすることは,抗ウイルス免疫を回復するための有望な治療戦略を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Overview
Stages of Infection
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunodeficiency Diseases
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Cytomegalovirus Disease
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...


