ベーリング海北部の主要な生態系シフト

Jacqueline M Grebmeier¹, James E Overland, Sue E Moore

¹Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecology Group, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 10515 Research Drive, Building A, Suite 100, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA. jgrebmei@utk.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 11, 2006

まとめ

北ベリング海の生態系は急速に変化しており,海氷が減り,水温が上昇し,海洋生物に悪影響を及ぼしています. これらの変化は,この重要な北極地域の食物網と動物集団を変化させています.

科学分野:

海洋生態学海洋生態学とは
北極の海洋学,北極の海洋学
気候変動の影響は,気候変動の影響です.

背景:

北ベリング海の生態系は,歴史的に広範囲にわたる海氷,高炭素生産,強固なペラジック-ベンシック結合を特徴としています.
これらの特徴が,この地域の生態学的構造と機能を数十年もの間定義してきた.

研究の目的:

北部のベーリング海で進行中の生態学的変化を記録し,分析する.
観測された生物学的変化と地域の気候と海洋学的強制を相関させる.

主な方法:

ベーリング海北部の長期の生態学と海洋学データの分析.
海洋哺乳類,魚,ベンティック捕食を含む生物のコミュニティ構造のモニタリング.
海氷の広がり,水温,大気条件の評価.

主要な成果:

生態系は,海氷の減少と気温上昇を含む歴史的特徴から移行しています.
海洋哺乳類の移転や獲物の利用可能性の変化を含む,生物学的コミュニティの重要な変化が観察されました.
ベンティック捕食物の減少とともに,ペラジック魚の個体数が増加した.

結論:

観測された変化は,ベーリング海北部の生態系の根本的な変化を示しています.
これらの変化は,地域的な大気および水文学的変化と関連しています.
影響は,太平洋の影響を受けた北極海全体に広がると予想されています.

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