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関連する概念動画

Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Antibody Structure and Classes01:25

Antibody Structure and Classes

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation
12:09

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Published on: February 28, 2019

MHCクラスIIの構造を決定するペプチドの役割

S Sadegh-Nasseri1, R N Germain

  • 1Lymphocyte Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

Nature
|September 12, 1991
PubMed
まとめ

ペプチドは,メジャー・ヒストコンパティビリティ・コンプレックス (MHC) クラスIIの分子の安定した構造に不可欠です. この研究は,特定のペプチドがMHCクラスIIジマーを安定させ,その構成と長期結合に影響することを示しています.

科学分野:

  • 免疫学 免疫学とは
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 構造生物学 構造生物学とは

背景:

  • Tリンパ球は,メジャー・ヒストコンパティビリティ・コンプレックス (MHC) クラスIおよびIIの分子によって提示されるペプチド断片を認識する.
  • MHCクラスIの安定性におけるペプチドの役割は確立されているが,MHCクラスIIの構造に対するペプチドの貢献は理解されていない.

研究 の 目的:

  • MHCクラスIIジメールの折り畳みと安定性におけるペプチドの役割を調査する.
  • 特定のペプチドがMHCクラスII分子の構成に影響するかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • E alpha k E beta k MHCクラスIIの分子を浄化する.
  • 特定のペプチドを異なるpH条件下 (pHが低い後,中和) に曝露する.
  • 二次元構造とペプチド結合の安定性の評価.

主要な成果:

  • 特定のペプチドのない浄化されたMHCクラスII分子には,安定した二次元構造が欠けていた.
  • 中和化中の適切なペプチドへの曝露は,コンパクトで安定した二次構造を促した.
  • 安定したペプチド結合は,観察された形状安定化と相関する.

さらに関連する動画

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin
11:17

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin

Published on: March 10, 2021

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis
09:32

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation
12:09

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Published on: February 28, 2019

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin
11:17

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin

Published on: March 10, 2021

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis
09:32

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

結論:

  • ペプチド結合は,MHCクラスIIの分子の安定した,コンパクトな二次元構造を確立するために重要である.
  • 長期的なペプチド-MHCクラスII複合体の効率的な形成には,酸性環境でのペプチド結合,その後中和時に安定化が伴う.