A P型ATPアゼは,ライスブラスト病および宿主抵抗性の誘発のために必要である
Martin J Gilbert1, Christopher R Thornton, Gavin E Wakley
1School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK.
Nature
|March 24, 2006
まとめ
植物病原菌は,特定の遺伝子であるMgAPT2を使用して,感染中にエクソサイトーシスを発生させます. このプロセスは,エフェクタータンパク質を供給し,植物の防御を抑制し,ライスブラストのような病気を引き起こすために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 菌類学 菌類学とは
背景:
- 病原性微生物は,植物細胞にタンパク質を送り込み,防御を抑制し,組織を侵略します.
- 植物病原菌が感染中にタンパク質を供給するメカニズムは,依然としてほとんど不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- 植物の感染中に米爆破病原体Magnaporthe griseaにおけるP型ATPアゼをコードする遺伝子MgAPT2の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- ターゲティングされた遺伝子置換は,DeltaMgapt2変異体を作成するために使用されました.
- 米 (葉と根) の植物の感染検査が行われました.
- 細胞外酵素分泌と細胞構造 (ゴルギのような水槽) の分析が行われました.
主要な成果:
- MgAPT2は,Magnaporthe griseaによる葉と根の感染に不可欠です.
- MgAPT2は,互換性のない相互作用における宿主防衛反応の急速な誘導に必要である.
- DeltaMgapt2変異種は,細胞外酵素の分泌が低下し,異常なゴルギのような水槽を示しています.
- ハイファの成長と胞子がMgAPT2の喪失によって有意な影響を受けなかった.
結論:
- MgApt2に依存するエクソサイト的プロセスは,米爆破病の確立に不可欠です.
- この研究は,宿主感染中に植物病原菌によって採用されるタンパク質の供給の新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
関連する概念動画
01:27ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview
ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and are...
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and are...
01:18ATP Synthase: Structure
ATP synthase or ATPase is among the most conserved proteins found in bacteria, mammals, and plants. This enzyme can catalyze a forward reaction in response to the electrochemical gradient, producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthase can also work in a reverse direction by hydrolyzing ATP and generating an electrochemical gradient. Different forms of ATP synthases have evolved special features to meet the specific demands of the cell. Based on their specific feature, ATP...
01:31ATP Energy Storage and Release
ATP is a highly unstable molecule. Unless quickly used to perform work, ATP spontaneously dissociates into ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), and the free energy released during this process is lost as heat. The energy released by ATP hydrolysis is used to perform work inside the cell and depends on a strategy called energy coupling. Cells couple the exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis with endergonic reactions, allowing them to proceed.
One example of energy coupling using ATP involves a...
One example of energy coupling using ATP involves a...
01:34ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps
The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
01:30ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps
V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
01:19Allosteric Proteins-ATCase
Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function. For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis pathway,...
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis pathway,...