ユカリオットのmRNAの内核分裂分裂は,翻訳延伸のストールとともに進行する
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
Nature
|March 24, 2006
まとめ
酵母細胞は,ノーゴー崩壊と呼ばれるプロセスを通して,停止した翻訳延伸でmRNAを劣化させます. Dom34pとHbs1pを含むこの経路は,停滞した翻訳複合体をクリアし,mRNAの品質管理を確保します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- ユカリオットmRNAのバイオゲネシスは,非機能的なトランスクリプトを除去するための品質管理メカニズムに依存しています.
- 無意味な媒介による衰退とノンストップの衰退は,早すぎるまたは失敗した翻訳終了でmRNAを急速に劣化させます.
研究 の 目的:
- 停滞した翻訳延長に対する細胞の反応を研究する. ユーカリオットmRNAs.
- 伸縮スタンドによるmRNAの認識と分解に起因する分子機構を特定する.
主な方法:
- mRNAの腐敗経路を研究するためのモデル生物として酵母を使用した.
- 特定のタンパク質であるDom34pとHbs1pが分解過程で果たす役割を調査した.
- 衰退メカニズムがアクティブトランスレーションに依存しているかを分析した.
主要な成果:
- "no-go decay"と呼ばれる新しいmRNA分解経路を特定し,トランスレーションの延長が停止したmRNAを標的とした.
- ノーゴー腐敗が翻訳に依存するプロセスであることを実証した.
- Dom34pとHbs1pがノゴー衰退に不可欠であることを示し,停滞したリボソームを認識する役割を示唆した.
結論:
- ノー・ゴー腐敗は,酵母における停滞した翻訳延伸複合体をクリアするための重要なメカニズムを提供します.
- この経路は,潜在的に有害な停滞した複合体を除去することによって,細胞の恒常性を維持するのに寄与します.
- Dom34pとHbs1pは,mRNAの分解を誘発し,トランスレーションストールの重要なセンサーとして機能する可能性がある.
関連する概念動画
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:33Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
01:44Termination of Translation
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:33Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
01:44Termination of Translation
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...