超分子カプセルの構築のためのトリプルイオン相互作用

Gennady V Oshovsky¹, David N Reinhoudt, Willem Verboom

¹Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA Research Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|April 13, 2006

まとめ

研究者らは,トリプルイオン相互作用を用いた新しい [2+4] カプセルを開発した. これらの超分子構造はアニオンを封じ込め,フェノールやアニリンで新しい非対称なカプセルを形成することができます.

科学分野:

超分子化学超分子化学
ホスト・ゲスト・ケミストリー
有機化学オーガニック・ケミストリー

背景:

カビタンドは,複雑な構造を形成する能力を有する多用途の分子宿主です.
トリプルイオン相互作用は,超分子組立物を構築するためのユニークなアプローチを提供します.
アニオン結合は,様々な化学的および生物学的プロセスにおいて極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

新しいタイプの [2+4] カプセルを合成し,特徴づけること.
カプセル形成におけるトリプルイオン相互作用の役割を調査する.
これらのカプセルのカプセル化能力とさらなる機能化を探求する.

主な方法:

テトラキス ((ピリジニウムメチル) テトラメチルカビタンスの合成.
単価アニオン (ブロミド,ニート,アセテート,トシラート) を用いたトリプルイオン複合.
構造確認のための電圧噴射イオン化質量スペクトロメトリー (ESI-MS).

主要な成果:

ピリジニウム-アニオン-ピリジニウム相互作用により [2+4] カプセルが形成される.
ESI-MSは,断片化パターンを分析することによって,カプセル構造を確認した.
カプセルは1つまたは2つのアニオンをカプセル化することが示され,平衡は半カプセルを含む.
フェノールとアニリンで複合した半カプセルで,新しい非対称なカプセルを形成します.

結論:

トリプルイオン相互作用に基づく新しい [2+4] カプセルアーキテクチャが達成されました.
超分子構造は制御可能なアニオン封じ込みを示しています.
このシステムは,ゲスト複合による新しい非対称なカプセルの形成を可能にします.

さらに関連する動画

06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

関連する概念動画

02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.

03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...

02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...

02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...

関連する実験動画