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関連する概念動画

Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element (CRE) Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster
08:19

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element (CRE) Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: December 19, 2011

プレオトロピック遺伝子のシス調節的変化による繰り返された形態学的進化.

Benjamin Prud'homme1, Nicolas Gompel, Antonis Rokas

  • 1University of Wisconsin and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bock Laboratories, 1525 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

Nature
|April 21, 2006
PubMed
まとめ

ドロソフィラの翼のパターンのような複雑な特徴の独立した進化は,しばしば同じ遺伝子,黄色を含む. シス規制要素 (Cis-regulatory elements, CRE) の規制の変化は,これらの繰り返し得られる利益と損失を駆動し,進化的新奇性を形作る.

さらに関連する動画

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness
06:21

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

Published on: May 7, 2018

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
10:28

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)

Published on: May 5, 2023

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element (CRE) Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster
08:19

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element (CRE) Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: December 19, 2011

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness
06:21

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

Published on: May 7, 2018

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
10:28

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)

Published on: May 5, 2023

科学分野:

  • 進化生物学の進化生物学について
  • 発達遺伝学 発達遺伝学
  • 分子進化は分子進化である.

背景:

  • 類似の特徴 (形態学的類似性) の独立した進化は一般的です.
  • 単純な特徴の場合,同じ遺伝子の突然変異は,繰り返し進化を説明する可能性がある.
  • 複雑な特徴の場合,遺伝経路,特に分子機構と制約はあまり理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 複雑な特徴の独立した進化の背後にある分子機構を調査する.
  • 複雑な特性の進化において遺伝経路がどの程度制約されているかを判断する.
  • ドロソフィラクラドの雄の翼の色素化パターンの進化を分析する.

主な方法:

  • 比較ゲノミクスとは
  • シス規制要素 (CREs) の機能分析
  • ドロソフィラの分子進化の研究

主要な成果:

  • 男性の翼の色素化パターンは,ドロソフィラで何度か獲得され,失われました.
  • 利益と損失の両方には,プレイオトロピック遺伝子の規制の変化が含まれています.
  • 損失は同一のCREの並行不活性化によるもので,利益は異なる祖先のCREsのコオプションによるものです.

結論:

  • プレオトロピック遺伝子のモジュラー型CREsの機能的多様化は,進化的新奇性を誘発する.
  • このメカニズムは,形態学的類似性の独立した進化を説明する.
  • CREsの理解は,適応と種の遺伝的基礎についての洞察を提供します.