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甘い"水の味"のTAS1R受容体ベースの説明
Veronica Galindo-Cuspinera1, Marcel Winnig, Bernd Bufe
1Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Nature
|April 25, 2006
まとめ
洗浄水は,甘味料を使用した後に甘い味を味わうことができます. これは,阻害剤を除去すると,甘い味の受容体 (TAS1R2-TAS1R3) が活性化して,甘い味の印象を生むことが可能になるからです.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 感覚科学とは,感覚科学である.
- グスターション・リサーチ
背景:
- 味覚の副作用,または"水味"は,味覚溶液の除去後の現象がよく理解されていない現象です.
- 既存の理論は,味覚受容体細胞からの適応またはポジティブなオフレスポンスを示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 甘い"水の味"の背後にあるメカニズムを調査する.
- 甘い後の印象が,阻害剤の除去時に受容体の活性化から生じるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 人間の甘味剤受容体 (TAS1R2-TAS1R3) を発現する培養細胞を使用した.
- 甘い味の阻害剤に対する心理物理的反応と,その後の水洗浄に対する細胞反応を比較した.
主要な成果:
- 甘い"水の味"は,甘い味の阻害剤を洗い流したときに誘発された.
- 培養細胞は,心理物理学的観察を反映した反応を示し,阻害剤の除去時に活性化しました.
- この"リバウンド"活動は,アロステル甘い受容体が阻害放出後に活性化状態にシフトすることから生じる.
結論:
- ヒトの甘味剤受容体 (TAS1R2-TAS1R3) の活性化が,阻害剤を除去すると,甘い"水の味"が説明される.
- これは,味覚におけるポジティブなオフレスポンスのメカニズムを示し,適応のみの理論に挑戦しています.
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