土壌から伝染するヘルミント感染症:アスカリアシス,トリキュリアシス,フックワーム
Jeffrey Bethony1, Simon Brooker, Marco Albonico
1Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 9, 2006
まとめ
アスカリアーシス,トリキュリアーシス,フックワームなどの土壌に感染するヘルミント感染症は,子供の発達に影響を及ぼします. ベンジミダゾール除虫剤は一般的であるが,耐性に対する懸念は,新しい制御手段の探求を促している.
科学分野:
- * 医療寄生虫学
- * グローバル・ヘルス
- * 小児感染症
背景:
- *アスカリアーシス,トリキュリアーシス,フックワームなど,土壌から感染するヘルミンツ (STH) 感染症は,資源が少ない環境の子どもに多く見られます.
- *これらの感染症は,身体的,知的,認知の発達に重大な障害をもたらす可能性があります.
- *STH感染症は,特に脆弱な集団に影響を及ぼす,世界的な健康負担を相当に占めています.
研究 の 目的:
- *STH感染症の現状と,その管理について見直す.
- * 治療と予防におけるベンジミダゾール殺虫剤の役割を強調する.
- *薬剤耐性に関する新たな懸念と,新しい制御戦略の必要性に対処する.
主な方法:
- *STHの疫学,臨床的影響,治療方法に関する文献レビュー.
- *ベンジミダゾール抗ヘルミント薬 (メベンダゾール,アルベンダゾール) の有効性に関するデータの分析.
- *薬剤耐性および制御プログラムの持続可能性を含む現在の課題の検討.
主要な成果:
- *ベンジミダゾール抗ヘルミント薬は,小児のSTH感染症の治療および予防に広く使用されています.
- * 虫除けプログラムは,子どもの健康と教育成果に肯定的な影響を及ぼしていることが実証されています.
- *現在の除虫戦略の持続可能性と,抗虫剤耐性の可能性に関する懸念が高まっている.
結論:
- * STH感染は依然として重要な公衆衛生問題であり,効果的な制御措置が必要である.
- * 現在の防虫剤は価値あるものですが,耐性の出現は,代替的かつ補完的な制御ツールへの緊急の必要性を強調しています.
- *新しい介入の継続的な研究と開発は,長期的なSTH制御と子どもの福祉の改善に不可欠です.
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