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関連する概念動画

The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

Overview
Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
The DNA Helix01:07

The DNA Helix

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET
11:27

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Published on: June 28, 2014

弱い結合の水分子は,単一鎖のDNAを短くする.

Shuxun Cui1, Christian Albrecht, Ferdinand Kühner

  • 1Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik and Centre for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Amalienstrasse 54, 80799 München, Germany. cuisx@scu.edu.cn

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 18, 2006
PubMed
まとめ

私たちは,水と有機溶剤で単一鎖DNAの弾性性を測定し,DNAの周りの水橋が,その弾性性を大幅に変化させることを発見しました. これらのH結合のブリッジを破ることは,異なる環境におけるDNAの振る舞いを理解する鍵です.

科学分野:

  • バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
  • 物理化学 物理化学
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学

背景:

  • 単一鎖DNA (ssDNA) の機械的性質を理解することは,分子生物学にとって極めて重要です.
  • ポリマー弾性に対する溶媒環境の影響は完全に理解されていません.
  • DNAなどのバイオ分子との相互作用を媒介する水の役割は,さらなる調査を必要としています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 水性および非水性環境におけるssDNAの単鎖弾性性を測定および比較する.
  • ssDNAの弾性における観察された差異に対する水橋の寄与を解明する.
  • 異なる溶媒におけるssDNAの弾性性を正確に記述する理論モデルを開発する.

主な方法:

  • 原子力顕微鏡 (AFM) ベースの単分子力スペクトロスコピーは,ssDNAの弾性性を測定するために使用されました.
  • 実験は,水分と水分以外の無極の液体環境で行われました.
  • 実験的発見を裏付けるために,量子力学の計算を最初から行いました.

主要な成果:

  • 水分状態と水分でない状態の間の力-拡張関係における顕著な偏差が観察されました.
  • この偏差は,水溶液中のssDNA鎖の周りのH結合誘導水橋を断ち切るのに必要なエネルギーに起因する.

さらに関連する動画

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET
11:27

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Published on: June 28, 2014

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

  • 8Mグアニジン-HClでの結果は,さらに水橋の役割を支持しました.
  • パラメータフリーで自由に回転するチェーンモデルは,有機溶媒における実験データと完全に一致しました.

    • 結論:

    • ssDNAと水分子の間のH結合によって形成される水橋は,ssDNAの弾性に影響を及ぼします.
    • 有機溶媒におけるこれらの水橋の欠如は,異なる弾性行動につながります.
    • ssDNAと水の間の弱いH結合は,水溶液中の二重鎖DNAの安定性にとって不可欠である可能性があります.