関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 12, 2026

09:39
Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
Published on: August 21, 2014
マウスにおける表遺伝的変化のRNA媒介型非メンデリアン遺伝
Minoo Rassoulzadegan1, Valérie Grandjean, Pierre Gounon
1Inserm, U636, F-06108 Nice, France. minoo@unice.fr
Nature
|May 26, 2006
まとめ
植物表遺伝的プロセスであるパラミューテーションは,マウスで発生することが示されています. 子孫に転送されたRNA分子は,キット遺伝子発現と現象型における遺伝的変化を引き起こす可能性があります.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクスと発達生物学
- 哺乳類の遺伝学とゲノミクス
- RNA 生物学 RNA 生物学
背景:
- パラミューテーションは,アレル相互作用を含む,植物における既知の遺伝性表遺伝子変異である.
- マウスキット遺伝子はメラノサイト発育に不可欠であり,突然変異により白斑が生じます.
研究 の 目的:
- マウスキット遺伝子でパラミューテーションのようなエピジェネティック変異が発生するかどうかを調査する.
- 哺乳類におけるこの潜在的表遺伝子遺伝の基礎となる分子メカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- キット変異異性ヘテロジゴットの子孫におけるキット遺伝子発現とRNAプロフィールの分析.
- ポストミオティック期におけるキット遺伝子の転写活性の調査.
- フェノタイプ効果を評価するために,受精したマウスの卵にRNAとmicroRNAのマイクロインジェクション.
主要な成果:
- 野生型キット型遺伝子型の子孫は,キット型変異体の特徴である白斑を呈していた.
- キットメッセンジャーRNAのレベルが低下し,異常な非ポリアデニルRNAの蓄積が観察されました.
- ポストミオティック細胞における持続キット転写は,精子にRNAの蓄積をもたらした.
- RNAまたはmicroRNAのマイクロ注入により,遺伝性ホワイトテール現象型が誘発された.
結論:
- 植物パラミューテーションに類似した新種のエピジェネティック継承がマウスで確認されました.
- マイクロRNAを含むRNA分子のシゴティック移転は,この遺伝性表遺伝子変異を媒介する.
- この研究は,哺乳類における世代を超えたエピジェネティック継承におけるRNAの予期せぬ役割を明らかにしている.
関連する概念動画
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
RNA Editing
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
Mutations in Microorganisms
Mutations are heritable changes in an organism’s genome involving alterations in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. These changes can influence cellular processes and phenotypic traits, potentially transforming the unaltered wild type into a mutant form. Such changes, termed forward mutations, are pivotal in shaping the genetic diversity of organisms.RNA viruses exhibit the highest mutation rates due to the absence of robust proofreading mechanisms during genome replication. In contrast,...

