グラフとソーシャルネットワークにおける協力の進化のための簡単なルール
Hisashi Ohtsuki1, Christoph Hauert, Erez Lieberman
1Department of Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
Nature
|May 26, 2006
まとめ
協力は,利他主義の利益対コスト比が隣人の平均数を上回るとき,構造化された集団で進化することができます. このシンプルなルールは,協力関係を説明します.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- ゲーム理論はゲーム理論である.
- ネットワーク科学 ネットワーク科学
背景:
- 協力は,細胞から動物集団まで,生物学的システムにとって根本的なものです.
- 構造化されていない集団における自然選択は,非協力的戦略 (脱北者) を好む.
- 構造化された集団 (ソーシャルネットワーク) の協力を理解することは,重要な研究分野です.
研究 の 目的:
- 構造化された集団における協力の進化を規定する一般的な規則を特定する.
- このルールをさまざまなネットワーク構造でテストするために.
主な方法:
- 様々なグラフ構造でプレイされた進化的ゲームの分析.
- 協力を促進するための自然選択の条件の導出.
主要な成果:
- 簡単な条件,b/c > kは,協力の進化を予測する.
- b/cは,利他的な行為の利益とコストの比率を表します.
- k は,ネットワーク内の隣人数の平均を表します.
結論:
- b/c > k. k. の場合,構造化された集団における自然選択によって協力が促進される可能性があります.
- この原則は,スケールフリーネットワークを含む様々なネットワークタイプに適用されます.
- 評判や複雑な戦略なしに"社会的粘性"によって協力が生まれる.
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