メフロクイン耐性ファルシパラムマラリアは,タイ・ビルマ国境で発生しています
F Nosten1, F ter Kuile, T Chongsuphajaisiddhi
1Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 11, 1991
まとめ
マラリアに対するメフロクイン,スルファドキシン,ピリメタミン (MSP) の併用療法では,有効性が著しく低下しています. プラズモディアム・ファルシパラムの耐性が高まり,特に子供では治療が失敗し,この薬剤の投与を中止する必要が生じています.
科学分野:
- トロピカル・メディシン (熱帯医学)
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- 硫黄ドキシンとピリメタミン (MSP) と併用したメフロキンは,タイで合併症のない多耐性ファルシパラムマラリアの治療に広く使用されました.
- 初期の研究では,高い有効性が示され,1980年代後半には治癒率が98%を超えました.
研究 の 目的:
- ファルシパラムマラリアに対するMSP併用療法の現在の有効性を評価する.
- 治療失敗率の変化を評価し,治療効果の低下に寄与する潜在的な要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- タイ・ビルマ国境でファルシパラムマラリアの患者395人を対象に前向きな研究が行われました.
- 治療効果は28日後の治癒率で評価され,治療失敗は年齢層ごとに分析されました.
- 血清メフロキンの濃度は,再発性感染症を経験した患者で測定されました.
主要な成果:
- MSP治療の28日間の治癒率は,以前の高い比率と比較して70.8%に大幅に低下しました.
- 早期治療の失敗率は0.27%から3.7%に増加し,6歳未満の子供ではより高い割合 (50%) であった.
- 再発性感染症の患者におけるメフロキンの濃度は,治療に成功した患者よりも低くはなく,薬理学的な問題ではなく耐性を示した.
結論:
- プラズモディウム・ファルシパラムはメフロキンに対する耐性を急速に発達させ,MSPの組み合わせを無効にしました.
- 高い治療失敗率,特に若い年齢層では,MSP療法を中止する必要性を支持しています.
- 薬剤耐性の出現により,この地域のマラリア治療戦略の緊急再評価が必要である.
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